Epilepsy is a tendency of brain to have recurrent unprovoked seizures. Traditionally, the diagnosis of epilepsy has been made after having two unprovoked seizures greater than 24 hours apart. According to recent revised definition by International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE), epilepsy definition includes one unprovoked (or reflex) seizure and a probability of further seizures similar to gene...

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Background and Objective: Epilepsy is a long-lasting central nervous system disorder that is accompany with spontaneous seizures and insufficiency in learning and memory. Now drug treatment is the most common therapy but some patients do not research to suitable control of their seizures with current drugs. Hence, new treatment is needed to help those patients that are unaffected to existing dr...

introduction: a close link between spreading depression (sd) and several neurological diseases such as epilepsy could be demonstrated in many experimental studies. epilepsy is among the most common brain disorders. despite a large number of investigations, its mechanisms have not been yet well elucidated. hippocampus is one of the important structures involved in seizures. the aim of this study...

Epilepsy is accompanied with a strong change in neuronal activity not only in excitatory (glutamatergic) and inhibitory (GABAergic) neurotransmission, but also in neuromodulatory agents. Dopaminergic system, as an important neuromodulatory system of the brain, has significant effect on neuronal excitability. In addition, this system undergoes many changes in epileptic brain. Understanding the e...

A patient with kinesigenic focal motor seizures induced by tongue-jaw movement had a grade III astrocytoma clearly co-localizing with the epileptic network in the appropriate peri-rolandic, motor-sensory, lingual-jaw cortical area. The clinical seizure phenomena were time-locked with the EEG epileptic activity. [Published with video sequences].

Photosensitivity, photosensitive seizures, and photosensitive epilepsy are discussed. The International League against Epilepsy has suggested the term "visual-sensitive" replace "photosensitive". Visual-sensitive seizures may be more common than is realized. A classification for visual-sensitive epilepsies is presented. Chromosomal and DNA testing may help to refine the classification further. ...

We observed a 15-year-old Caucasian boy with a rare form of reflex epilepsy, known as hot water epilepsy (HWE), associated to McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS). This is a rare disease due to post-zygotic and somatic mutations of the Gs-alpha gene, that results in cellular mosaicism. Predominant features of MAS occur in the bony skeleton, the skin, the endocrine system, and, in atypical presentatio...

Introduction: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurologic disorders. Pharmacoresistance and adverse effects of current antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) necessitate development of new drugs and strategies for treatment of epilepsy. Omega 3-Polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3-PUFAs) are safe nutritional supplements that recently considered for treatment of epilepsy. Anticonvulsant effect of docosahexa...

Despite progress in pharmacological and surgical treatments of epilepsy, little is known about the processes that a healthy brain is rendered epileptic after seizure occurrence. Growing evidence supports the involvement of inflammatory processes, both the adaptive immunity and systemic inflammatory response, in induction of individual seizures as well as in the epileptogenesis. Clinical and exp...