With attention to the thin film structure of colloidal quantum dot solar cells, in this paper in order to improvement of active layer absorption of them, we have proposed the use of nanostructure pattern for enhancement of their performance. For this purpose we have presented suitable nano hemisphare patterns in colloidal quantum dot solar cells for light trapping in absorption layer. Then with...

In this paper we present a unified approach to the spectral analysis of an hypergeometric type operator whose eigenfunctions include the classical orthogonal polynomials. We write the eigenfunctions of this operator by means of a new Taylor formula for operators of Askey-Wilson type. This gives rise to some expressions for the eigenfunctions, which are unknown in such a general setting. Our met...

We analyze the optimal unambiguous discrimination of two arbitrary mixed quantum states. We show that the optimal measurement is unique and we present this optimal measurement for the case where the rank of the density operator of one of the states is at most 2 (“solution in 4 dimensions”). The solution is illustrated by some examples. The optimality conditions proved by Eldar et al. [Phys. Rev...

We consider a one-dimensional, transient random walk in a random i.i.d. environment. The asymptotic behaviour of such random walk depends to a large extent on a crucial parameter κ > 0 that determines the fluctuations of the process. When 0 < κ < 2, the averaged distributions of the hitting times of the random walk converge to a κ-stable distribution. However, it was shown recently that in this...

A great deal of work has shown that the size of the phonological neighborhood affects the speed and accuracy of spoken word recognition. Words with many similar sounding words (i.e., a dense neighborhood) are recognized more slowly and less accurately than words with few similar sounding words (i.e., a sparse neighborhood). However, little work has examined the structural differences that may e...

in this work, a tracer study on pore initiation in anodic alumina in oxalic acid was performed. effects of some experimental parameters such as applied electrical potential, electrolyte composition and heat pretreatment were evaluated. electrochemical and morphological experiments were performed using potentiostatic anodizing and scanning electron microscopy (sem) techniques, respectively. effe...

In this study, images of nonuniform and uniform electric current density in conductor phantoms, which contain magnetic resonance active nuclei, are produced using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). A standard spin echo pulse sequence is used, with the addition of a bipolar current pulse. The flux density parallel to the main magnetic field, generated by the current pulse, is encoded in the phase...