Because of the intangible and highly uncertain nature of innovation, investors may have difficulty processing information associated with a firm’s innovation and innovation search strategy. Due to cognitive and strategic biases, investors are likely to pay more attention to novel and explorative patents rather than incremental and exploitative patents. We find that firms focusing on exploitatio...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the cost-effectiveness of repeated screening for chlamydia trachomatis at various time intervals compared to one-off screening of Dutch young adults. METHODS We used a dynamic model to fully take the spread of the disease over time in the population into account, with data being used gathered within the context of a recently performed pilot study in The Netherlands. The ...

OBJECTIVE We analyzed the cost-effectiveness (CE) and performances of commonly used prenatal Down syndrome (DS) screening strategies. STUDY DESIGN We performed computer simulations to compare 8 screening options by applying empirical data from Serum, Urine, and Ultrasound Screening Study trials on the population of 110,948 pregnancies. Screening strategies outcomes, CE ratios, and incremental...

various researches have been carried out about benefits of accounting information and their influence on decision making of financial statements users. for example, many researches have examined the relationship between accounting variables and stock returns or stock price. this study determines and compares the relative and incremental content of accounting variables, too. for this purpose, th...

the incremental sheet metal forming (ismf) process is a new and flexible method that is well suited for small batch production or prototyping. this paper studies the use of the finite element method in the incremental forming process of aa1050 sheets to investigate the influence of tool diameter, vertical step size, and friction coefficient on forming force, spring-back, and thickness distribut...

Error recovery techniques for LR parsers presented in the literature are described and classified. The techniques considered range from the non-correcting ones to interactive and incremental ones. Also, some of the techniques presented are compared and evaluated. An example showing the advantages and the disadvantages of each class of strategies is given and is used as a guideline for classifyi...

This paper aims to compare different regularization strategies to address a common phenomenon, severe overfitting, in embedding-based neural networks for NLP. We chose two widely studied neural models and tasks as our testbed. We tried several frequently applied or newly proposed regularization strategies, including penalizing weights (embeddings excluded), penalizing embeddings, reembedding wo...

Using video-recordings from a real-world field trial of a museum guide robot, we show how a robot’s gaze influences the visitors’ state of participation in group constellations. Then, we compare the robot’s conduct to a human tour guide’s gaze strategies. We argue that a robot system, to deal with real-world everyday situations, needs to be equipped with knowledge about interactional coordinati...

Multi-class supervised learning systems require the knowledge of the entire range of labels they predict. Often when learnt incrementally, they suffer from catastrophic forgetting. To avoid this, generous leeways have to be made to the philosophy of incremental learning that either forces a part of the machine to not learn, or to retrain the machine again with a selection of the historic data. ...

BACKGROUND & AIMS The increasing incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the United States has significant health and economic consequences. Ultrasound (US) surveillance is recommended for patients with cirrhosis because of their high risk of HCC and improving treatment outcomes for small tumors. We assessed the costs, clinical benefits, and cost effectiveness of US surveillance and alte...