Using data from the 2010 China Family Panel Study and countyand industry-level statistics, we estimate cross-classified multilevel models to examine the determinants of the income gap among Chinese workers. Results show that both regional and industrial differences are important sources of income inequality in China. Taken together, they account for about one fifth of the total variation in ind...

We investigate how the division of aggregate income into per capita income and population affects the margins of imports. In the first part, we use data on imports of 123 countries to document a positive relationship between per capita income and both the extensive and quality margin of imports, for a given level of aggregate GDP. These relations hold at various levels of disaggregation. While ...

We develop a static simulation model to analyse income losses and income risks at aggregated agriculture sector level. Our empirical case study is based on farm level records for direct payments claims (IACS data) and covers the period 2010–2011. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we investigate the impact of different levels of risk on income trends. Results show that 80% of farms are extremely de...

Background: The link between poverty and poor health outcomes is well known; more recently there is some evidence that suggests an independent effect of income inequality on health. However this association of income inequality with health appears to be weaker at smaller spatial levels. The paper examines the question whether socioeconomic segregation at the neighbourhood level, which is the sp...

Objective: To examine the association of income inequality at the public health unit level with individual health status in Ontario. Methods: Cross-sectional multilevel study carried out among subjects aged 25 years or older residing in 42 public health units in Ontario. Individual-level data drawn from 30,939 respondents in 1996-97 Ontario Health Survey. Median area income and income inequalit...

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular inflammation is a key contributor to the development of atherosclerosis and the prediction of cardiovascular events among healthy women. An emerging literature suggests biomarkers of inflammation vary by geography of residence at the state-level, and are associated with individual-level socioeconomic status. Associations between cardiovascular inflammation and state-le...

Recent research has suggested that inequality in the distribution of income is associated with increased mortality, even after accounting for average income levels. Using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), we investigated whether inequality in the distribution of income within US states is related to the prevalence of four cardiovascular disease risk factors (body...

due to the fact that assets are recorded at their historical value and they may include unrealized gains (losses), managers may manipulate earnings through the sale of these assets and provide financial information which is not accurate and reliable. the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between income from asset sales, earnings change and leverage of companies listed on tehr...

Millennium Development Goals of the United Nations, focus on the reduction of absolute poverty measured in terms of achieving some minimum level of income for each person in society. It is recognized, however, that poverty entails more than a lack of income, and the question of relative poverty – that is, inequalities of income within and between countries regardless of level of income – is as ...