Based on the panel data of 30 provinces, cities directly under jurisdiction central government (except for Tibet) and regional autonomous areas from 2011 to 2020, this paper uses entropy method measure index science technology finance, applies double-fixed model explore impact finance urban-rural income inequality. The empirical results show that: (1) Technology has a U-shaped influence rural-u...

BACKGROUND A lack of evidence exists on the association between area-level income inequality and oral health within Australia. This study examined associations between area-level income inequality and oral health outcomes (inadequate dentition (<21 teeth) and poor self-rated oral health) among Australian adults. Variations in the association between area-level income inequality and oral health ...

This paper examines the effect of per capita income, investment, and unemployment on income inequality in Indonesia from 2011 to 2019. We use both static dynamic panel data approaches covering 34 provinces Indonesia. The results support Kuznets hypothesis, whereby a more significant growth is associated with substantial short period; however, this decreases over time (sign change). Furthermore,...

Social scientists and philosophers have been concerned with issues surrounding the distribution of income or income inequality for over 200 years—the economist and philosopher Adam Smith discussed these issues as early as 1776. Academic writers have been writing on income inequality measurement issues for at least a century. Policy makers have also long been interested in income inequality issu...

human development index (hdi) is a composite indicator that can show the impact of economic strategies on human life standards. the index is calculated by three main factors of income, education and health. this research studies the status of hdi across the iranian provinces, its changes over time and the efficiency of provinces in using resources.the data for 2001 and 2009 was obtained from th...

In this paper, the concept of Income Satisfaction Inequality is operationalized on the basis of individual responses to an Income Satisfaction question posed in the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP). Income satisfaction is the subjective analogue of the objective income concept and includes objective income inequality as a special case. The paper introduces a method to decompose Income Satisf...