The role of histamine in regulating excitability of sympathetic preganglionic neurons (SPNs) and the expression of histamine receptor mRNA in SPNs was investigated using whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiological recording techniques combined with single-cell reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in transverse neonatal rat spinal cord slices. Bath application of histamine (1...

We consider the possibility that single-source multicast (SSM) will become a universal multicast service, enabling large-scale distribution of content from a few well-known sources to a general audience. Operating under this assumption, we explore the problem of building the traditional IP model of any-source multicast on top of SSM. Toward this end, we design an SSM proxy service that allows a...

Increasingly stringent regulations for drinking water quality have stimulated the ultrafiltration (UF) to become one of the best alternatives replacing conventional drinking water treatment technologies. However, UF is not very effectively to remove humic acid due to the comparatively larger pore size compared to the size of humic acid. Fouling issue is another factor that restricts its widespr...

background: the use of alternative disinfectants and the control of natural organic material are two approaches that are typically applied in water treatment utilities to reduce the formation of chlorinated disinfection by-products in recent years. catalytic ozonation as a new technology is used to promote the efficiency of the single ozonation processes. the purpose of this study was to invest...

Humic acids (Fluka), chlorinated to carbon:chlorine (C:Cl) ratios of 1:1 and 1:0.3, were administered to B6C3F1 mice, 50 males and 50 females per group, in the drinking water at a total organic carbon (TOC) level of 0.5 g/L. The mice were 6 to 8 weeks old at the beginning of the bioassays. The doses used were based on short-term (8 weeks) evaluations for toxicity, palatability, and weight gain....

background and aims: influenza a virus infects birds and some mammalian including human. h1 and h3 subtypes are circulated in both human and birds’ population. to determine the prevalence of the mentioned subtypes in birds, different captive bird species in tehran zoo, and affiliated centers in tehran were investigated for virus infection. methods: in this study, between november 2008 and febru...

Previous research strongly suggests that morphologically complex words are recognized in terms of their constituent morphemes. A question thus arises as to how the recognition system codes for morpheme position within words, given that it needs to distinguish morphological anagrams like overhang and hangover. The present study focused specifically on whether the recognition of suffixes occurs i...