Inequalities in the social determinants of health (SDH), which drive avoidable health disparities between different individuals or groups, is a major concern for a number of international organisations, including the World Health Organization (WHO). Despite this, the pathways to changing inequalities in the SDH remain elusive. The methodologies and concepts within system science are now viewed ...

The inclusion of a pole-zero vector predictor in the backward loop of an AVPC coder[1] is approached . We hope to reach the same profit shown by the pole-zero predictor in the ADPCM-CCITT standard. By using a VLMS transversal algorithm the obtained behaviour does not outperform the all-pole scheme. We argue it is due to the dependence on the eigenvalues spread of the LMS perfomance. By using an...

In recent years, there has been a proliferation of research on the effects of the built environment, including mass transit systems, on health-related outcomes. While there is general agreement that the built environment affects travel choices and physical activity, it remains unclear how much of a public health benefit (in dollars) can be derived from land use policies that support walking, bi...

Various combinations of advanced public transportation systems (APTS), including advanced transit information, demand responsive transit, and personal rapid transit, are evaluated by applying traditional travel and emissions criteria as well as consumer welfare and equity criteria. A state-of-the-practice regional travel demand model is used to simulate the travel e€ects of the APTS technologie...

BACKGROUND Transit workers, in comparison to the general population, have higher rates of smoking. Although smoking cessation programs are often available through workers' HMOs, these programs are frequently underutilized. Quitting practices, including participation in cessation programs, are often associated with beliefs about smoking behaviors and the ability to quit. We analyzed how transit ...

Innovations in traffic signal systems have generated a great deal of interest in the provision of preferential traffic signal strategies and treatments for transit buses and other vehicles at signalized intersections in cities of all sizes. The primary objective of this paper is three fold: 1) to synthesize the literature of the lessons learned associated with planning and deploying transit sig...

| Both innate and adaptive immunity are dependent on the migratory capacity of myeloid and lymphoid cells. Effector cells of the innate immune system rapidly enter infected tissues, whereas sentinel dendritic cells in these sites mobilize and transit to lymph nodes. In these and other secondary lymphoid tissues, interactions among various cell types promote adaptive humoral and cell-mediated im...

In this paper, we are going to investigate the growth of the Iranian maritime transport with a focus mainly on the North - South transit Corridor, review of dry ports in order to support the Iranian container terminals at the south ports in order to increase the volume of container storages at the terminals. For the purpose of assessing the outcome of port operational management, the Balanced ...

We summarize here current methods for the quantification of CBF using pulsed arterial spin labeling (ASL) methods. Several technical issues related to CBF quantitation are described briefly, including transit delay, signal from larger arteries, radio frequency (RF) slice profiles, magnetization transfer, tagging efficiency, and tagging geometry. Many pulsed tagging schemes have been devised, wh...