Throughout history, humans have gathered in groups for social, religious, and industrial purposes. As the conglomeration of people interact, a set of underlying values, beliefs, and principles begins to develop that serve to guide behavior within the group. These "guidelines" are commonly referred to as the group culture. Modern-day organizations, including corporations, have developed their ow...

As markets expand due to globalization, chemical manufacturers are faced with the challenge of meeting the rapidly growing global demand for production at a time when production costs are increasing due to rising feedstock prices. One way for chemical manufacturers to ensure profitability in the current environment is to foster innovation through the use of advanced modeling techniques. The Che...

This paper describes the development of a method to calculate the overall "greenness" of a pharmaceutical process that uses multiple solvents. This calculation is made by taking into account various environmental parameters and determining an overall greenness index. Through this method a scientist or engineer can effectively determine alternative, "greener" solvents or processes based on the u...

In response to new information about the health risk of chemical and concern expressed by academia, labor, and industry, chemical regulatory framework under Industrial Safety and Health Act was completely restructured in Year 2003 to be more systematic and to meet the particular needs in Korea. The history and the current status of chemical regulatory framework in the Republic of Korea are revi...

The energy consumption of Korea’s manufacturing sector has sharply increased over the past 20 years. This paper decomposes the factors influencing energy consumption in this sector using the logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) method and analyzes the specific characteristics of energy consumption from 1991 to 2011. The analysis reveals that the activity effect played a major role in increasin...

The magnitude optimum (MO) method provides a relatively fast and nonoscillatory closed-loop tracking response for a large class of process models frequently encountered in the process and chemical industries. However, the deficiency of the method is poor disturbance rejection when controlling low-order processes. In this paper, the MO criterion is modified in order to optimize disturbance rejec...

Introduction The discussion of applications and development of safety indicators is interesting and important. The paper by Andrew Hopkins (2008) has triggered a number of reflections. Hopkins has taken major hazard facilities and the chemical industry as the field of discussion. However, the reasoning might well be valid also for other industries with a potential for large consequences such as...

Increasing economic globalization and mounting time and cost pressure on the development of new raw materials for the chemical industry as well as materials and environmental engineering constantly raise the demands on technologies to be used. Parallelization, miniaturization, and automation are the main concepts involved in increasing the rate of chemical and biological experimentation.

This paper describes an extension which can be added to any production planning model based on time-indexed formulations with at most one setupor mode-change per period. It allows to add constraints involving accumulated quantities over several time-slices implementing the concept of contiguity into the model. This feature is relevant to any kind of process industry. It allows to model batch an...