one of the methods to recognize national background and roots, also to maintain historical and cultural nature is to study different dimensions of physical, martial and athletic activities in ancient iran. the aim of the present study was to identify different sport fields and equipment in ancient iran using content analysis of nine versions of ferdowsi’s “shahnameh” and related literature. als...

Current wastewater management paradigms favor centralized solutions, as taught in traditional engineering schools, which imply high capital costs, long-range water transfer, long and disruptive construction highly trained operators. On the other hand, small decentralized systems are seldom considered even though they require lower less infrastructure allow for maintenance of a closer, more sust...