--Product Service Systems (PSS) is a concept which means product and service are integrated to meet customer requirements. It has many applications in several industries. In current researches, Product Life Cycle Modelling and Service Engineering (SE) are main methodologies to design and model PSS. This paper proposes a framework of service life cycle integrating product life cycle. Each stage ...

Multi-constraint quality-of-service routing will become increasingly important as the Internet evolves to support real-time services. It is well known however, that optimum multi-constraint QoS routing is computationally complex, and for this reason various heuristics have been proposed for routing in practical situations. Among these methods, those that use a single mixed metric are the mo...

I the extensive literature on learning curves, scholars have ignored outcome measures of organizational performance evaluated by customers. We explore whether customer dissatisfaction follows a learning-curve pattern. Do organizations learn to reduce customer dissatisfaction? Customer dissatisfaction occurs when customers’ ex ante expectations about a product or service exceed ex post perceptio...