This study tested the impact of implicit and explicit knowledge of grammar on learners’ use of oral communication strategies (OCSs) and the interface of OCSs and oral fluency. The study was performed on 24 male and 36 female Iranian university students of English Translation studying at Payame Nour Universities of Lar, Khonj, and Evaz chosen based on availability and ease of access. The data we...

Abstract In this work, a method is put forward to obtain the dynamic solution efficiently and accurately for large-scale train–track–substructure (TTS) system. It called implicit-explicit integration multi-time-step (abbreviated as m I- n E-MTS method). The TTS system divided into train–track subsystem substructure subsystem. Considering that root cause of low efficiency obtaining lies in solvi...

Research on the effect of implicit and explicit instruction on developing learners’ explicit knowledge by the use of measures of explicit knowledge abounds in the literature. However, measuring learners’ implicit knowledge employing fine-grained measures has rarely been the concern of researchers in the field. Therefore, the present study is an attempt to scrutinize the effectiveness of implici...

Implicit Leadership Theories (ILTs) are individuals’ perceptions of the traits and behaviors characterizing leaders. Four studies investigated the reliabilities and different types of validities for a scale developed to measure Iranian Implicit leadership Theories (IILTs). Study 1 used a qualitative method to extract the implicit theories of ideal leadership after interviewing 27 experts. The I...

In this paper, we formulate a semi-implicit time-stepping model for multibody mechanical systems with frictional, distributed compliant contacts. Employing a polyhedral pyramid model for the friction law and a distributed, linear, viscoelastic model for the contact, we obtain mixed linear complementarity formulations for the discrete-time, compliant contact problem. We establish the existence a...

methods in this research, we utilized the chaos theory and fractal analysis in the interpretation of breast tumors on dce-mri. this cross-sectional study was done at pardisnoor imaging center during years 2015 and 2016 in iran. our sample size was 18 mass lesions, which were randomly selected among patients with birad 3 and birad 4 classification by the expert radiologist. the analysis was perf...

Although explicit and implicit knowledge of language learners are essential to theoretical and pedagogical debates in second language acquisition (SLA), little research has addressed the effects of instructional interventions on the two knowledge types (R. Ellis, 2005).This study examined the relative effectiveness of explicit and implicit types of form-focused instruction (FFI) on the acquisit...