The neurotransmitter GABA has been recently identified as a potent immunosuppressive agent that targets both innate and adaptive immune systems and prevents disease progression of several autoimmunity models. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are self-renewing progenitor cells that differentiate into various cell types under specific conditions, including neurons. In addition, MSC possess strong im...

Dexamethasone (DEX) is a potent immunosuppressive agent used in the treatment of several disorders. However, despite its beneficial effects, DEX puts patients at risk for opportunistic infections, especially pulmonary aspergillosis. Previously we reported that in vitro granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) blocks the immunosuppressive action of DEX on bronchoalveolar macroph...

The immuno-pharmacological profile of a novel immunosuppressive agent, FK-506 produced by a streptomycete, is presented here. We proceeded to test the effect of the agent on various in vitro immune systems. It showed that mixed lymphocyte reaction, cytotoxic T cell generation, the production of T cell-derived soluble mediators such as interleukin 2 (IL-2), interleukin 3 and gamma-interferon and...

A LTHOUGH small bowel transplantation is the physiologic treatment of the short bowel syndrome, Its clinical implementation awaits development of immunosuppressive regimens that ensure satisfactory control of graft rejection. Agents such as Cy A and corticosteroids are useful for transplantation of most other vascularized organ allografts. However, rejection of the transplanted small intestine ...

BACKGROUND Immunosuppressive therapy is reportedly ineffective in adults with acute myocarditis. AIMS To systematically review the impact of immunosuppressive therapy on the outcome of acute myocarditis in children. METHODS A literature search for articles published from 1984 to 2003 was conducted with the following keywords: myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy, and immunosuppression. The r...

Adjuvant high dose IVIgs are being used increasingly in a range of immune-mediated and auto-immune diseases. Although numerous immunomodulatory mechanisms have been suggested, the exact mechanisms of action are poorly understood. The efficacy of IVIg in certain diseases has been proven in clinical trials, in so far as IVIg is approved as the therapy of choice for Kawasaki syndrome and idiopathi...

background: there is a worldwide interest in searching for potential and effective medicinal plant candidates against various diseases or disorders. till now, there are number of anti-inflammatory drugs like nsaids are available which showed various adverse effects in our body. to reduce these adverse effects, some of medicinal plants have been experimentally validated. aim: the aim of our immu...

mycophenolic acid is a secondary extracellular metabolite of penicillium strains with numerous pharmaceutical properties such as antibiotic and immunosuppressive uses. the aim of this work is the survey of the effect of phenylglyoxal and n-ethylmaleimide concentration in culture medium on mycophenolic acid production by penicillium brevi-compactum atcc16024 was investigated. batch submerged fer...