2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD, dioxin) is a widespread environmental contaminant that causes multiple effects in vertebrates. TCDD elicits its toxicity through aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-mediated modulation of gene regulation, increasing intracellular free calcium, and inducing calcium-mediated apoptosis in cell culture. Two TCDD-responsive cDNAs, which encode putative calcium-...

We describe the finding of a novel viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) Genotype III strain that caused disease of both a neurological and septicaemic nature in seawater-farmed rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in Storfjorden, Norway. In November 2007, an outbreak of VHS associated with slightly elevated mortality was confirmed at a seawater site rearing rainbow trout (90 to 440 g). With...

Rainbow and brown trout have been intentionally introduced into tailwaters downriver of dams globally and provide billions of dollars in economic benefits. At the same time, recruitment and maximum length of trout populations in tailwaters often fluctuate erratically, which negatively affects the value of fisheries. Large recruitment events may increase dispersal downriver where other fish spec...

background and aims: traditionally, plants have long been applied in the treatment of various diseases throughout the history of human life. the antimicrobial activity of plant extracts in the laboratory is studied on gram positive and negative strains of human infectious agents. the aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of mentha longifolia against important human pathog...

The mucosal immune systems of fishes are still poorly understood, and defined models for studying natural host-pathogen interactions are lacking. The objective of this study was to evaluate different challenge models and pathogens to examine the magnitude of change in intestinal immune gene expression. Rainbow trout were exposed by immersion to Yersinia ruckeri or by intraperitoneal injection w...

Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, is an important aquaculture species worldwide and, in addition to being of commercial interest, it is also a research model organism of considerable scientific importance. Because of the lack of a whole genome sequence in that species, transcriptomic analyses of this species have often been hindered. Using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, we sou...

Newly formed hybrid populations provide an opportunity to examine the initial consequences of secondary contact between species and identify genetic patterns that may be important early in the evolution of hybrid inviability. Widespread introductions of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) into watersheds with native cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) have resulted in hybridization. These in...

Endocrine effects in the aquatic environment are in the focus of scientists and media along with debates on the necessity of further steps in wastewater treatment. In the present study VTG responses were compared to evaluate upgrades at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). We investigated several advanced sewage treatment technologies at two WWTPs connected to the Schussen, a tributary of Lake ...

Aflatoxin Bi, the most potent hepatic chemical carcinogen known, is activated to the putative product aflatoxin B,-2,3epoxide via a cytochrome P-450-dependent reaction. Mt. Shasta rainbow trout is the most sensitive species known to the hepatocarcinogenic effects of aflatoxin B,. We have previously iso lated and purified a minor form of cytochrome P-450 from this strain of rainbow trout, with a...

Background: Dysmenorrhea which means menstrual pain is the most common complaint in women and is one of the problems of health care. Iranian Traditional medicine (ITM) considers dysmenorrhea as Osre-Tams and Mentha Longifolia has been indicated as one of the plants that is effective for its treatment. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of Mentha Longifolia on...