Immobilized preys are routinely used in agro-ecological exposure studies to quantify predation of pests under field conditions, but this method has not been validated. Our purpose was to determine the validity of using immobilized adults of the major rice pest Nilaparvata lugens, brown plant hopper (BPH), as sentinels. We used direct observation by video recording to determine the causal agents...

Cells of Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Escherichia coli, and Kluyveromyces (Saccharomyces) lactis immobilized in polyacrylamide gel beads retained 27 to 61% of the beta-galactosidase activity of intact cells. Optimum temperature and pH and thermostability of these microbial beta-galactosidases were negligibly affected by the immobilization. Km values of beta-galactosidase in immobilized cells of L....

Magnetic poly(p-phenylenediamine) (PpPD) nanocomposite was synthesized via mixing p-phenylenediamine solution and Fe3O4 nanoparticles and used as a carrier for immobilized enzymes. Successful synthesis of PpPD/Fe3O4 nanofiber was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Laccase (Lac) was immobilized on the surface of PpPD/Fe3O4 nanofiber through...

Background: Stress has different effects on the body and endocrine system. Objectives: The main aim of this study is to determine the effects of immobilization stress and Aloe vera extract on levels of TSH, T3 or T4 in male rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 90 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 9 groups of control, receiving normal saline, receiving Aloe vera ext...

the oxidation of ferrous iron (fe2+) in solution using acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans has industrial applications exclusively in the regeneration of ferric iron (fe3+) as an oxidizing agent for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from waste gases, desulfurization of coal, leaching of non-ferrous metallic sulfides and treatment of acid mine drainage. the aim of this investigation was to increase the...

The stability and reusability of soluble enzymes are of major concerns, which limit their industrial applications. Herein, alkaline protease from Bacillus sp. NPST-AK15 was immobilized onto hollow core-mesoporous shell silica (HCMSS) nanospheres. Subsequently, the properties of immobilized proteases were evaluated. Non-, ethane- and amino-functionalized HCMSS nanospheres were synthesized and ch...

To improve the reusability and organic solvent tolerance of microbial lipase and expand the application of lipase (hydrolysis, esterification, and transesterification), we immobilized marine microbial lipase using different methods and determined the properties of immobilized lipases. Considering the activity and cost of immobilized lipase, the concentration of lipase was fixed at 2 mg/mL. The ...

Bacteria are able to adapt to heavy metals in contaminated environments, by developing specific mechanisms of resistance. A mercury (Hg)-resistant bacterial community was isolated from polluted sediments of the Orbetello Lagoon, Italy. The members of the Hg-resistant bacterial community showed high levels of resistance both to the inorganic and to the organic forms of Hg. 16S rRNA gene sequenci...

This work proposes a miniaturized system able to perform multiple cell capture followed by cell-type selective release from a biochip surface. Unlabelled lymphocytes were first specifically captured onto a DNA array by antibody-DNA conjugates. The immobilized cells were subsequently released under spatiotemporal control within local heating generated by intense Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) p...

In the current proteome study, protein digestion is indispensable before proteins could be identified by MS/MS, no matter based on top-down or bottom-up strategies. Compared to the traditional digestion performed in free solution, immobilized enzyme shows great advantages in digestion speed, stability, and longevity, especially with monolithic materials as the supports. Besides the improved dig...