The COVID-19 pandemic is the most significant health crisis that world has faced in past 100 years. It disrupted our way of living with unprecedented consequences for daily lives, including how we work and learn. According to estimates from International Labour Organization (ILO), 14 per cent working hours were lost globally second quarter 2020 when compared last 2019 (ILO 2020a). situation jeo...

The binary productive and reproductive labor –what the International Labour Organization (ILO) has called work family responsibilities– cordoned off care from employment. Until 2000s, paid mostly stood outside of ILO deliberations, while unpaid became a concern as means to enhance force participation thus reinforce valuing special kind activity. This analysis traces construction woman worker un...

2. WHO. Long working hours increasing deaths from heart disease and stroke: WHO, ILO. Geneva; 2021. Google Scholar

The International Labour Organisation (ILO) has developed a concept of decent work and set this as a standard in 1999. However, in many places in the world people labour under conditions that are far from ‘decent’. Many people are subject to forced labour and experience unfreedoms, which raises important theoretical and practical issues. In this contribution we set out some of the ways in which...

Although many international organisation are formally built on the principle of „one country―one vote“, a lack of representativeness in decision-making may give a subgroup of members disproportionate influence on the organisation’s policies. Using data on participation and voting in 51 decision-making committees of the International Labour Organization (ILO), we do find a bias in voting outcome...

Workplace Violence Workplace violence has become a well-known yet often misunderstood social problem in both the United States and around the world. Ever since 1986, when a postal employee in Edmond, Oklahoma, murdered 14 fellow employees and wounded several others, workplace violence has been synonymous with senseless violence directed against coworkers and supervisors by deranged and disgrunt...

Inducible laryngeal obstruction (ILO)/paradoxical vocal fold motion (PVFM) is a reversible narrowing of the larynx that results from dysfunction. Distinguishing ILO asthma can be challenging, as they coexist, and standard tests may not able to differentiate between two. However, flexible laryngoscopy promptly diagnose ILO. Unfortunately, often overlooked potential cause when evaluating patients...