In monetary models in which agents are subject to trading shocks there is typically an ex-post inefficiency in that some agents are holding idle balances while others are cash constrained. This inefficiency creates a role for financial intermediaries, such as banks, who accept nominal deposits and make nominal loans. We show that in general financial intermediation improves the allocation and t...

Traditionally, tolerance allocation and scheduling have been dealt with separately in the literature. The aim of tolerance allocation is to minimize the tolerance cost. When scheduling the sequence of product operations, the goal is to minimize the makespan, mean flow time, machine idle time, and machine idle time cost. Calculations of manufacturing costs derived separately using tolerance allo...

The design of engine control systems has been traditionally carried out using a mix of heuristic techniques validated by simulation and prototyping using approximate mean– value models. However, the ever increasing demands on passengers’ comfort, safety, emissions and fuel consumption imposed by car manufacturers and regulations call for more robust techniques and the use of cycle–accurate mode...

Idle speed control of ultra-lean burn engines continues to be a major focus of automotive engineers owing to the benefits offered in terms of fuel economy and emissions reduction. This paper applies a recently proposed linear time varying model predictive approach for the idle speed control of ultra-lean burn internal combustion engines. Unlike conventional gasoline engines, the approach uses f...

Abstract This proof-of-concept study provides a novel method for robust-stable scheduling in dynamic flow shops based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL) implemented with OpenAI frameworks. In realistic manufacturing environments, events endanger baseline schedules, which can require cost intensive re-scheduling. Extensive research has been done methods generating proactive schedules to absorb...

Cotranslational protein translocation is a universally conserved process for secretory and membrane protein biosynthesis. Nascent polypeptides emerging from a translating ribosome are either transported across or inserted into the membrane via the ribosome-bound Sec61 channel. Here, we report structures of a mammalian ribosome-Sec61 complex in both idle and translating states, determined to 3.4...

Flow shop scheduling of jobs has always been a popular problem that has found solutions in the number of heuristic and meta-heuristic techniques. In this manuscript, two-machine flow shop scheduling problem has been investigated while optimizing makespan and idle time of machines. Uncertainties in the processing time and set up times of jobs involved are also taken into consideration in the for...

This paper presents the findings of comparative research into labor, organizational and spatial practices a new kind hybrid civic spaces that we refer to as “social impact-driven repair shops.” These are an emerging typology urban dedicated repaired up-cycled items also go beyond functions traditional shop. Significantly, these shops run not purely for economic reasons, but rather position them...