the article provides a critical assessment of the more recent literature that relies on theoretical frameworks such as post modernism and globalization to deal with national identity, ethnicity and cultural mobility. explaining sensitive and complicated issues such as identity requires the extensive use of the native historical, cultural and sociological sources related to the iranian experienc...

this investigation postulatesvygotsky’s (1978) concept of zone of proximal development (zpd) and his related “scaffolding” metaphor as well as norton’s (2006) principles of sociocultural identity as its theoretical foundation.thisresearchintends to scrutinizethe socioculturally-oriented mediationalmechanisms utilized in student-student and student-teacher collaborationsin an iranian efl writing...

In decision-making based on multiple criteria, situations may arise where agents find their options to be neither better than, worse than nor equal each other with respect the relevant criteria. How, if at all, can a justified choice made between such options? Are incomparable? This article explores hypothetical case that illustrates how situation in an environmental context; more specifically,...

As a theologian working in Western Europe, religious plurality is unavoidable for me. It seems that our context can no longer be identified in terms of secularization. Competing worldviews and complementing religious stories dictate the religious landscape (and increasingly so, due to migration and global communication). The religions present in my country, however, are not monolithic and stabl...

Identity empowerment is defined as the deliberate enhancement of clients' awareness of their values and goals and of clients' expression of these values and goals in everyday behavior. Values are the deepest and broadest objectives or goals with which an individual can identify. Identity empowerment culminates in observable increases in clients' behavioral expressions of their values in social ...

identity orientations refer to the relative importance that individuals place on various identity attributes or characteristics such as race, religion, culture and language when constructing their self-definitions (chew, 2007; cheek, 1989). accordingly, the present study aims at identifying the impact of identity aspects on the iranian learners' english language achievements at shiraz universit...

This paper reports experimental evidence from a Dictator Game experiment in which subjects choose repeatedly one out of four options involving a pair of fixed monetary prizes, one for them, one for another anonymously matched subject. In some sessions, player position (i.e. the identity of the best paid agent, constant across all options) is known in advance before subjects have to make their d...

the present study was aimed at examining concerns about the social effects of efl learning, a challenging area of research which has not been discussed sufficiently. it tried to investigate the relationship between efl learning and national identity. in addition, attempt was made to find a relationship between language motivation types and national identity. furthermore, the role of two demogra...

The relevance of the topic is determined by need to solve a complex problems related reconstruction cultural heritage objects regional significance with adaptation modern use, taking into account investment attractiveness. problem preserving in post-industrial society due preservation memory place, its history and traditions. Preservation restoration new function preserves urban identity, makes...