in this paper, various elementary properties of vague rings are obtained. furthermore, the concepts of vague subring, vague ideal, vague prime ideal and vague maximal ideal are introduced, and the validity of some relevant classical results in these settings are investigated.

Forty-three medical students and 78 nursing students each filled out four copies of the Interpersonal Check List. The subjects described self, ideal self as physician or nurse, and typical and ideal work partner. For each questionnaire the two summary scores Dom and Lov were computed. The results indicate a discrepancy between concepts of self and ideal self and the results also point to consid...

In this note we study the fibers of a rational map from an algebraic point of view. We begin by describing two interpretations of the word ‘fiber’. Let S = k[x0, . . . , xn] be a polynomial ring over an infinite field k, I ⊂ S an ideal generated by an r+1-dimensional vector space W of forms of the same degree, and φ the associated rational map P → P = P(W ). We will use this notation throughout...

notions of strongly regular, regular and left(right) regular $gamma$−semigroupsare introduced. equivalent conditions are obtained through fuzzy notion for a$gamma$−semigroup to be either strongly regular or regular or left regular.

Shapley proved the existence of an ordinal, symmetric and efficient solution for three-player bargaining problems. Ordinality refers to the covariance of the solution with respect to orderpreserving transformations of utilities. The construction of this solution is based on a special feature of the three-player utility space: given a Pareto surface in this space, each utility vector is the idea...

When a digital filter is realized with floating-point or fixed-point arithmetics, errors and constraints due to finite word length are unavoidable. In this paper, we show how these errors can be mechanically analysed using the HOL theorem prover. We first model the ideal real filter specification and the corresponding floating-point and fixedpoint implementations as predicates in higher-order l...

There is an increasing need to forecast power generated by photovoltaic sources in day-ahead power system operation. The electrical energy generated by these renewable sources is an uncertain variable and depends on solar irradiance, which is out of control and depends on climate conditions. The stochastic programming based on various scenarios is an efficient way to deal with such uncertaintie...

The notion of intuitionistic fuzzy sets was introduced by Atanassov as a generalization of the notion of fuzzy sets. Y.B. Jun and S.Z. Song introduced the notion of intuitionistic fuzzy points. In this paper we find some relations between the intuitionistic fuzzy ideals of a semigroup S and the set of all intuitionistic fuzzy points of S. Keywords—Semigroup, Regular(intra-regular) semigroup, In...

let $r$ be a commutative ring with identity and $mathbb{a}(r)$ be the set   of ideals of $r$ with non-zero annihilators. in this paper, we first introduce and investigate the principal ideal subgraph of the annihilating-ideal graph of $r$, denoted by $mathbb{ag}_p(r)$. it is a (undirected) graph with vertices $mathbb{a}_p(r)=mathbb{a}(r)cap mathbb{p}(r)setminus {(0)}$, where   $mathbb{p}(r)$ is...