Alkaline phosphatase of Escherichia coli (a dimeric zinc metalloenzyme of identical subunits) containing either 2 catalytic Zn(II) ions or 2 catalytic Cd(I1) ions shows absolute negative cooperativity of phosphate binding as determined by 31P NMR of enzyme-bound phosphate species. With excess phosphate at millimolar concentrations, only 1 mol of noncovalent phosphate complex, E.P (31P resonance...

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) plays an essential role in DNA replication and repair. Tumor cells express high levels of PCNA, identifying it as a potentially ideal target for cancer therapy. Previously, we identified nine compounds termed PCNA inhibitors (PCNA-Is) that bind directly to PCNA, stabilize PCNA trimer structure, reduce chromatin-associated PCNA, and selectively inhibit t...

It is known that the recently discovered representations of the Artin groups of type An, the braid groups, can be constructed via BMW algebras. We introduce similar algebras of type Dn and En which also lead to the newly found faithful representations of the Artin groups of the corresponding types. We establish finite dimensionality of these algebras. Moreover, they have ideals I1 and I2 with I...

The effect of the on-ramp and off-ramp positions i1 and i2, respectively, on the one dimensional-cellular automaton traffic flow behaviour, is investigated numerically. The on-ramp and off-ramp rates at i1 and i2 are α0 and β0, respectively. However, in the open boundary conditions, with injecting and extracting rates α and β and using parallel dynamics, several phases occur, depending on the p...

Proof. First we prove the “if” direction. Fix agent 1 and preferences ✓1. Suppose that S1 is not obviously dominant in G = hH, , A,A, P, c, (Ii)i2N , gi. We need to demonstrate that there exists G̃ that is i-indistinguishable from G, such that G,G̃(S1) is not weakly dominant in G̃ . We proceed by construction. Let (S0 1, I1, h sup, S 1 , d sup c , hinf , Sinf 1, d inf c ) be such that I1 2 ↵(S1, S...

An implicit surface is defined as the zero set of a scalar function over 3-space. Sign of implicit function determines whether a point is inside or outside the implicit surface: f (P )  = 0 P is on the surface. < 0 P is inside the surface. > 0 P is outside the surface. An algebraic function is an implicit function where the function is polynomial. By using an A-patch representation of algebra...

The following propositions are true: (1) For every natural number i1 such that 1 ¬ i1 holds i1 − ′ 1 < i1. (2) For all natural numbers i, k such that i + 1 ¬ k holds 1 ¬ k − i. (3) For all natural numbers i, k such that 1 ¬ i and 1 ¬ k holds k−i+1 ¬ k. (4) For every real number r such that r ∈ the carrier of I holds 1 − r ∈ the carrier of I. (5) For all points p, q, p1 of E 2 T such that p2 6= ...

The papers [20], [10], [9], [11], [4], [1], [2], [17], [8], [19], [7], [16], [13], [21], [22], [5], [18], [3], [15], [6], and [23] provide the terminology and notation for this paper. For simplicity, we adopt the following convention: i, i1, i2, i3, j, a, b, x denote integers, d, e, n denote natural numbers, f , f ′ denote finite sequences of elements of Z, g, g1, g2 denote finite sequences of ...

The effect of zinc ions (Zn(I1)) on the activation of factor XI1 in the absence of a procoagulant surface was investigated by initial velocity kinetic studies at I = 0.16, pH 7.4, and 26 “C. Zinc ions at concentrations greater than 160 p M potentiated 99-fold the kcat/KM for the activation of factor XI1 by kallikrein and, at an optimum concentration of 110 pM, accelerated 140fold the apparent k...

Choline-binding modules are present in some virulence factors and many other proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae (Pneumococcus). The most extensively studied choline-binding module is C-LytA, the C-terminal moiety of the pneumococcal cell-wall amidase LytA. The three-dimensional structure of C-LytA is built up from six loop-hairpin structures forming a left-handed beta-solenoid with four choli...