An equation-oriented approach was developed for steady state flowsheeting of a commercial methanol plant. The loop consists of fixed bed reactor, flash separator, preheater, coolers, and compressor. For steady sate flowsheeting of the plant mathematical model of reactor and other units are needed. Reactor used in loop is a Lurgi type and its configuration is rather complex. Previously reactor ...

Information about the eruption of Mount Lawu in Central Java Province 1885 and Merapi D.I. Yogyakarta 2010 became a source for estimating presence magnetic minerals which underwent sedimentation process Bengawan Solo River from upstream (Wonogiri) - downstream (Bojonegoro). The results we get susceptibility distribution sediments reveal that sediment upper reaches has low frequency value around...

in this paper, a high speed delay-locked loop (dll) architecture ispresented which can be employed in high frequency applications. in order to design the new architecture, a new mixed structure is presented for phase detector (pd) and charge pump (cp) which canbe triggered by double edges of the input signals. in addition, the blind zone is removed due to the elimination of reset signal. theref...

this paper proposes a new method for parameter estimation of distorted single phase signals, through an improved demodulation-based phase tracking incorporated with a frequency adaptation mechanism. the simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method compared to the conventional sogi (second-order generalized integrator)-based approach, in spite of the dc-offset and harmon...

this paper proposes a new mixed integer programming model for multi-item capacitated lot-sizing problem with setup times, safety stock and demand shortages in closed-loop supply chains. the returned products from customers can either be disposed or be remanufactured to be sold as new ones again. due to the complexity of problem, three meta-heuristics algorithms named simulated annealing (sa) al...

conclusions according to the findings of the current study, both open-loop and closed-loop neuromuscular control mechanisms altered in patients with cai. methods it was a case-control study. twenty-two subjects with unilateral cai and 22 healthy subjects stood on a force plate and initiated gait with maximal velocity under 2 conditions: i) planned (initiated gait after hearing the “all set” sig...

high-precision three-axis attitude control scheme is vitally important to deal with the overactuated spacecraft, as long as the overall performance through rapid response can be in general acquired. due to the fact that the rigid-flexible spacecraft is somehow applicable, in so many academic and real environments, there is a consensus among experts of this field that the new insights in develop...

glomerular development of the kidney was studied in newborn rats by electron microscopy. four different stages of glomerular development were defined: vesicle fonnation, s-shaped body stage, capillary loop fonnation, and glomerular maturation. in the fust stage, the mesenchymal cells form a spheroid mass. this is followed by the s-shaped body stage in which clefts appear in the mass. afterwards...

remanufacturing is an industrial process that makes used products reusable. remanufacturing is a way to establish a closed-loop supply chain. one of the important aspects in both reverse logistics and remanufacturing is pricing of returned and remanufactured products (called cores) that it has been noticed in this paper. in addition, in this paper the researchers have tried to present a mathema...