In normothermic cats under light barbiturate anesthesia, cerebral blood flow was arrested for one hour by intrathoracal occlusion of the innominate, the left subclavian, and both mammary arteries. Recirculation of the brain after ischemia resulted in reactive hyperemia, followed by a decrease of blood flow to about 70% of control (post-ischemic hypoperfusion). During postischemic hypoperfusion,...

In previous studies, we have shown that the inactivation of the adenosine A2A receptor exacerbates chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced white matter lesions (WMLs) by enhancing neuroinflammatory responses. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the effect of the adenosine A2A receptor remains unknown. Recent studies have demonstrated that cystatin F, a potent endogenous cysteine protease...

We studied the effect of hypertension and chronic hypoperfusion on brain parenchymal arteriole (PA) structure and function. PAs were studied isolated and pressurized from 18-wk-old Wistar-Kyoto (WKY18; n = 8) and spontaneously hypertensive stroke prone (SHRSP18; n = 8) and 5-wk-old prehypertensive (SHRSP5; n = 8) rats. In separate groups, unilateral common carotid artery occlusion (UCCAo) was p...

Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by progressive language impairment. Polymorphisms within forkhead box P2 gene (FOXP2) gene have been associated with speech and language impairment. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype and PRNP 129 codon status have been demonstrated to increase the risk of PPA, but with contrasting results. In the present study, we have e...

BACKGROUND Cerebral ischemia causes some disorders in behavioral patterns, including memory disorders and pain, which is due to the production of free radicals. Ferulago angulata, known in Iran as chavir, contains some bioactive compounds having antioxidant and free radical-scavenging properties. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two weeks oral administration of hydroalcoh...

Cerebral vasculature plays a key role in controlling brain homeostasis. Cerebral vasculature dysfunction, associated to irregularities in cerebral blood perfusion, has been proposed to directly contribute to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. More precisely, chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, which impairs brain homeostasis, was demonstrated to take place even before cognitive decline. However...

BACKGROUND Numerous studies have shown decreased perfusion in the prefrontal cortex following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). However, similar hypoperfusion can also be observed in depression. Given the high prevalence of depressive symptoms following mTBI, it is unclear to what extent depression influences hypoperfusion in TBI. METHODS Mild TBI patients without depressive symptoms (mTBI-...

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) provides an indication of the metabolic status of the cortex and may have utility in elucidating preclinical brain changes in persons at risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related diseases. In this study, we investigated CBF in 327 well-characterized adults including patients with AD (n = 28), patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI, n = 23), older co...

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion has been associated with cognitive decline in aging and Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, the pattern of cerebral blood flow in mild cognitive impairment has emerged as a predictive marker for the progression into Alzheimer's disease. The reconstruction of a pathological condition in animal models is a suitable approach to the unraveling of causal relationships. For ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Reperfusion following transient global cerebral ischemia is characterized by an initial hyperemic phase, which precedes hypoperfusion. The pathogenesis of these flow derangements remains obscure. Our study investigates the dynamics of postischemic cerebral blood flow changes, with particular attention to the role of local neurons. METHODS We assessed local cortical bloo...