Approximately 6.0% of U.S. adolescents aged 12-19 reported psychotropic drug use in the past month. The use of antidepressants (3.2%) and attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) drugs (3.2%) was highest, followed by antipsychotics (1.0%); anxiolytics, sedatives, and hypnotics (0.5%); and antimanics (0.2%). Males (4.2%) were more likely than females (2.2%) to use ADHD drugs. Females (4.5%)...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the proposed synergistic teratogenic effect of use of selective serotonin receptor inhibitors (SSRI) together with sedatives or hypnotics, primarily benzodiazepines, during pregnancy. DESIGN Cohort study of congenital malformations after maternal use of SSRI, sedatives/hypnotics or the combination of the two drug categories. SETTING Swedish national health register...

Hospital admissions due to acute barbiturate poisoning per million population in England and Wales have decreased since 1965 at about the same rate as NHS prescriptions for barbiturates. Admissions due to poisoning with other drugs have increased, but, largely because the benzodiazepine hypnotics and tranquillisers are much less toxic than the barbiturates that they are replacing, deaths from p...

OBJECTIVE We describe the drug-related problems (DRPs) identified during medication reviews (MRs) and the changes in drug utilization after MRs at nursing homes in Oslo, Norway. We explored predictors for the observed changes. DESIGN Observational before-after study. SETTING Forty-one nursing homes. INTERVENTION MRs performed by multidisciplinary teams during November 2011 to February 201...

The cardiovascular effects of benzodiazepines administered intravenously as preoperative sedatives have received considerable study, but sleep laboratory research on benzodiazepines administered orally as hypnotics has not focused on assessment of cardiovascular changes. Analysis of heart rate (HR) data collected in sleep laboratory studies on the effects of 0.5 mg of triazolam (Halcion) and 30...

BACKGROUND Although some anesthesiologists use oral sedatives or parental presence during induction of anesthesia (PPIA) to treat preoperative anxiety in children, others may use these interventions simultaneously (e.g., sedatives and PPIA). The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether this approach has advantages over treating children with sedatives alone. METHODS The child's ...

Introduction: Patients with Down syndrome (DS due to relative macroglossia and dynamic airway collapse) are vulnerable significant upper complications. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common condition noted in about 79% of these children . Children OSA, or without DS, sensitive respiratory depression by drugs such as sedatives, opioids hypnotics. Abnormalities the cardiovascular system also ...

BACKGROUND Stress-related mental disorders (SRMD) are common and costly. Rehabilitation strategies, including pharmacotherapy, may be complicated to evaluate. Previous research has indicated increased quality of life and self-rated health for SRMD patients that receive a combination of conventional and complementary therapies, i.e. integrative care. The aim of this retrospective registry study ...

Ziziphus nummularia from Rhamnaceae family is traditionally used for sedative-hypnotic, antipyretic and analgesic purposes; however, scientific validations are lacking. This in vivo study was undertaken to verify the above ameliorative properties of Z. nummularia root methanolic extract. Various fractions of the extract were assayed on Balb/c mice by open field, Brewer's yeast-induced hyperther...