False matching due to errors in feature extraction and changes in illumination between frames may occur in feature tracking in image sequences. False matching leads to outliers in feature motion trajectory. One way of reducing the effect of outliers is stochastic filtering using a state space model for motion trajectory. Hyper-parameters in the state space model, e.g., variances of noise distri...

BACKGROUND Despite their notorious diversity, biological cells are mechanically well characterized by only a few robust and universal laws. Intriguingly, the law characterizing the nonlinear response to stretch appears self-contradictory. Various cell types have been reported to both stiffen and soften, or "fluidize" upon stretch. Within the classical paradigm of cells as viscoelastic bodies, t...

The mechanics of the arterial wall is complex, due to its material structure and load conditions, which influence the hemodynamic properties as well as the growth and remodeling process of the cardiovascular system. Arterial remodeling can be found both locally and globally. Local remodeling is typically a result of disease, while global remodeling can be found even for healthy arteries. In thi...

In this Thesis we develop mathematical models to analyze two proposed causative mechanisms for the ventricular expansion observed in hydrocephalus: cerebrospinal fluid pulsations and small transmantle pressure gradients. To begin, we describe a single compartment model and show that such simple one-dimensional models cannot represent the complex dynamics of the brain. Hence, all subsequent mode...

In this paper a mixed-model assembly-line sequencing problem with the goal of minimizing work overload is addressed. We consider time windows in work stations of the assembly line (closed stations). Different versions of a product to be assembled in the line (e.g. automotive industry), which require different processing time according to the work required in each work station are considered. In...

Hyper-heuristics (HHs) stand as a relatively recent approach to solving optimization problems. There are different kinds of HHs. One them deals with how low-level heuristics must be combined deliver an improved solution set problem instances. Literature commonly refers selection hyper-heuristics</i...

Nonlinear viscoelastic response of reinforced elastomers is modeled using a three-dimensional mixed finite element method with a nonlocal pressure field. A general second-order unconditionally stable exponential integrator based on a diagonal Padé approximation is developed and the Bergström–Boyce nonlinear viscoelastic law is employed as a prototype model. An implicit finite element scheme wit...

A transient molecular dynamics (TMD) method has been developed for simulation of fluid viscosity. In this method a sinusoidal velocity profile is instantaneously overlaid onto equilibrated molecular velocities, and the subsequent decay of that velocity profile is observed. The viscosity is obtained by matching in a least-squares sense the analytical solution of the corresponding momentum transp...

Structure– phenomenological hereditary model for prediction of viscoelastic properties of layered polymer composites based on hereditary mechanics and theory of laminated plates relationships was elaborated. Interrelated creep and relaxation constitutive equations of layered composite was derived on the basis of algebra of resolvent operators and matrix algorithms. On example of cross-ply carbo...