We have found previously that astrocytes can provide cysteine to neurons. However, cysteine has been reported to be neurotoxic although it plays a pivotal role in regulating intracellular levels of glutathione, the major cellular antioxidant. Here, we show that cysteine toxicity is a result of hydroxyl radicals generated during cysteine autoxidation. Transition metal ions are candidates to cata...

Dopamine is known to be an efficient antioxidant and to protect neurocytes from oxidative stress by scavenging free radicals. In this work, we have carried out a systematic quantum chemistry and computational kinetics study on the reactivity of dopamine toward hydroxyl (•OH) and hydroperoxyl (•OOH) free radicals in aqueous and lipidic simulated biological environments, within the density functi...

A new approach to quantifying myocyte cell death utilizing fluorescence-activated sorting of antimyosin antibody-labeled cells was used to study the effects of oxygen-generated free radicals on cell survival. Uptake of antimyosin, reflecting sarcolemmal damage, increased under conditions which promoted elevated free radical formation and decreased in the presence of increased levels of free rad...

High fat diet (HFD) prompts metabolic pattern inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in mitochondria thereby triggering multitude of chronic disorders in human. Antioxidants from plant sources may be an imperative remedy against this disorder. However, it requires scientific validation. In this study, we explored if (i) Moringa oleifera seed extract (MoSE) can neutralize ROS generate...

A new and facile assay for hydroxyl radicals in photocatalytic systems is reported for the first time that is based on the fluorescence imaging of increasing hydrophilic regions through the highly selective hydroxyl radical-induced lateral remote oxidation of superhydrophobic 1-octadecanethiol molecules at gold flower-like surface in the designed photomask setup.

The processes of oxidation are intrinsic in the management of energy of all living organisms and are, therefore, kept under strict control by several cellular mechanisms (Halliwell and Gutteridge, 2007). However, reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated during metabolism, are very unstable and highly reactive, due to the presence of unpaired electrons, which include superoxide anion radicals, h...

A novel detection approach named chromophore-decolorizing with free radicals is developed for determination of trace heavy metal. The hydroxyl radicals (HO) generated from Fe(III) and hydrogen peroxide will oxidize the free chromophore into almost colorless products. The copper-acid chrome dark blue (ACDB) complexation was investigated at pH 5.07. In the presence of Fe(III) and hydrogen peroxid...

Hydroxyl radicals are widely implicated in the oxidation of carbohydrates in biological and industrial processes and are often responsible for their structural modification resulting in functional damage. In this study, the radical depolymerization of the polysaccharide hyaluronan was studied in a reaction with hydroxyl radicals generated by Fenton Chemistry. A simple method for isolation and i...