Emerging aquatic insects constitute one of the main biological flows connecting and terrestrial ecosystems. In a landscape, there are many sources emergence, which vary in space time. Thus, they must be clearly defined when studying inland dispersal insects. this study, we five types hydrographic networks (including or not including ponds ditches) on basis cartographic data varying degrees deta...

Aim of the study: The paper describes problems collecting, processing and sharing geospatial data on example National Geodetic Cartographic Resource (GUGiK). Central Office Geodesy Cartography (GUGiK), basis acquired data, prepares spatial databases for whole country, such as database topographic objects (BDOT) or numerical terrain model. These are used further studies, environmental analyses h...

Historical maps, especially those at a small scale and rich in detail (e.g., the old “Cadastres”), represent an exceptionally important tool for understanding recent historical evolution of landscapes. The note describes example territory Gubbio, Umbria (Central Italy), where map from end 16th century shows drawing hydrographic network partially different current one. A multidisciplinary study ...

This study investigates how expert and novice map users’ attention is influenced by the design characteristics of 2D web maps building sharing a framework to analyze large volumes eye tracking data. Our goal respond following research questions: (i) which landmarks are easily remembered? (memorability), (ii) task difficulty recognition performance associated? (task difficulty), (iii) do experts...

Cell-to-cell surface flow paths are commonly derived from gridded digital elevation models (DEM) by choosing the direction of steepest descent to one of the eight surrounding cells. However, adequate DEMs often are not available. We developed a topography-independent method for creating gridded, land and stream drainage direction maps based on corrected vector river networks. We applied it to t...