Many features of today's jobs have not been produced by market forces emerging in individual private contracts. Instead, they resulted from social struggles and union bargaining, appear collective agreements, labor regulations, international laws. This paper presents one hypothesis explaining this observation: A negative correlation between workers' taste for amenities unobserved productivity. ...

To those who primarily associate the word “humane” with “humane society”, its connection to criminology might appear be unrelated. The origins of and society” are complex reflect an abiding interest in human societal welfare rather than animal welfare. Consequently, evolution current American association humane societies protection—as contrasted British rescuing victims drowning—remain shrouded...

Endpoint results are presented for multi-valued cyclic contraction mappings on complete metric spaces (X, d). Our results extend previous results given by Nadler (1969), Daffer-Kaneko (1995), Harandi (2010), Moradi and Kojasteh (2012) and Karapinar (2011).

There is growing concern over the welfare of animals used in research, in particular when these animals develop pathology. The present study aims to identify the main sources of animal distress and to assess the possible implementation of refinement measures in experimental infection research, using mouse models of tuberculosis (TB) as a case study. This choice is based on the historical releva...