scientists call pasture a natural eco-system and range is an agricultural eco-system. in this point of view although pasture that was full of plants growing by itself and not growing by human being (pirdashti, 2007; mohgadam, 2005) and two groups of living beings such as human being, plants, domesticated, and not living being like weather, wind, gradient which are effective in making of pasture...

Philosophers and theologians have advanced a variety of arguments for God’s existence. Th e arguments vary along a number of dimensions. Some are a priori; some are a posteriori. Some depend on a particular defi nition of God; others are more general. But they have features in common. Th ey are independent of any particular religious tradition, depending on nothing more than a generally classic...

As citizens of the most technologically advanced and economically developed country in the world, nearly all Americans stalwartly maintain their faith in God, much more so than residents of other postindustrial countries (Norris and Ingelhart 2004). But what is the content and meaning of this belief? Perhaps belief in God has become so pervasive in contemporary American culture that it reflects...

Is the Christian doctrine of the Trinity consistent with a very strong version of the thesis of divine simplicity? Yes, so long as the simple divine nature is a relational nature, a nature that could be characterized in terms of such relations as knowing and loving. This divine nature functions simultaneously as agent, patient, and action: as knower, known and knowledge, and lover, beloved, and...

In Contra Galilaeos, Julian makes the case that in the writings of Moses Yahweh is not the ‘Most High’ God, but simply one of many national gods (the biblical term is ‘angels’ or ‘sons of god/s’, לא ינב, םילא ינב, or ב םיהלאה ינ ) of the ancient Near Eastern world, who received Israel as an inheritance from the hand of the Most High. Christians claim the Jewish Yahweh as their God, and appeal t...

each part of karl rahner’s theology is in deep relation to his understanding of human situation. he believes that god has communicated himself with man. this self-offering of god to human needs a response from man. such an existential part has certain effects on the concrete human life and seeks its true and ultimate realization. this attitude to human leads to transcendental christology. chris...

Assuming that: (1) the Quantum Mechanics is true, (2) the Copenhagen Interpretation of QM is right, and (3) that God (Mind) exists, we prove formally the possibility of miracles through God affecting the results of quantum measurements. Quantum Measurement clearly separates the domain of physics as a formal material system and the possible God’s intervention in it. We use the formalism of quant...

This paper is a critique of Richard Dawkins’ “argument from improbability” against the existence of God. This argument, which forms the core of Dawkins’ book The God Delusion, provides an interesting example of the use of scientific ideas in arguments about religion. Here I raise three objections: (1) The argument is inapplicable to philosophical conceptions of God that reduce most of God’s com...

The handiwork and the glory of God displayed by the heavens and the firmament have been called General Divine Revelation. In this category one may also include the constitution of human personality, for man himself is a creation of God and in some sense bears the marks of his Creator. This “light of nature and the works of creation and providence do so far manifest the goodness, wisdom, and pow...