Regarding electrical systems as complex systems offers new approaches for analysing, modelling and simulating those systems. Using software engineering techniques like Model Driven Engineering, a disaggregated model for household electricity demand is created. The Tafat framework for simulating complex energy systems is presented, including the concepts of the metamodel, models and behaviours. ...

BACKGROUND Some previous studies have suggested that area-level characteristics have effects on smoking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between household income and area income on smoking in Korean adults. METHODS This study was based on the Korean Community Health Survey (KCHS) performed in South Korea, between September and November 2009. In total, 222,242 subjects (...

BACKGROUND Violence is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in South Africa and needs to be researched from a public health perspective. Typically in violence research, socioeconomic position is used in the analysis to control for confounding. Social epidemiology approaches this variable as a primary determinant of interest and is used in this research to better understand the aetiology o...

What level of household income is required so that a household member will have the same level of consumption as when living alone? The answer to this question depends on the extent to which household income is directed towards the consumption needs of the particular person, together with the extent to which there is shared consumption of household goods. This paper proposes a framework which p...

Redistribution schemes (taxes or benefits) are generally performed at the household level. The issue is to know whether intra-household inequality magnifies or hampers the redistributive effect of the transfers, when the policy-maker focuses on the inequality at the individual level. Depending on the type of the transfer, three properties capturing the idea that the more wealthy the household i...

This paper examines whether an individual-level transfer of property rights increases the individual’s bargaining power within the household. The question is analyzed in the context of a housing reform that occurred in China that gave existing tenants the opportunity to purchase the homes that they had been renting from their state employers. The rights to each housing unit were granted to a pa...

We estimate food waste at the individual household level indirectly using a stochastic production frontier approach. The estimated average percentage of waste is 32.4%. However, by taking proxied physical activities into consideration and utilizing limited information maximum likelihood estimation, our estimate for average household food waste is reduced to 27.6%. We are also able to explore th...

We review three alternative approaches to modelling survey noncontact and refusal: multinomial, sequential and sample selection (bivariate probit) models. We then propose a multilevel extension of the sample selection model to allow for both interviewer effects and dependency between noncontact and refusal rates at the household and interviewer level. All methods are applied and compared in an ...

This study investigates the effect of earned and owned social media exposures and their interaction on brand purchase in a two-stage decision model. Using a niche dataset of twelve-month of daily household purchase and Facebook exposure data for a fastmoving consumer goods marketplace, we first estimate the household purchase propensity, controlling for the variation of baseline tendency at hou...