This study examines the importance of astroviruses as a cause of acute diarrhea in hospitalized children <10 years old during a 5-year period. Stools were screened by electron microscopy and were tested for astrovirus, rotavirus, and enteric adenovirus by EIA. During the study, 14.6% of hospitalized children had diarrhea. Astroviruses were second only to rotaviruses as etiologic agents of both ...

BACKGROUND Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a leading cause of acute respiratory illness (ARI) in children. Population-based incidence rates and comprehensive clinical characterizations of disease have not been established. METHODS We conducted population-based prospective surveillance for 2 years in 2 US counties of HMPV infection among children <5 years old who were hospitalized with ARI or ...

INTRODUCTION Invasive Streptococcus pyogenes infections (ISpIs) cause a high morbidity and mortality, even at present; however, at a regional level there are few publications on this subject in the field of pediatrics. OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence, predisposing factors and clinical characteristics of children hospitalized for ISpI, and analyze risk factors associated with bacteremia a...

Children with diarrhea hospitalized for respiratory distress often have fatal outcome in resource-limited settings, although data are lacking on risk factors for death in such children. We sought to evaluate clinical predictors for death in such children. In this prospective cohort study, we enrolled under-5 children with diarrhea admitted with severe respiratory distress to the intensive care ...

BACKGROUND We describe the epidemiology of hospitalized RSV infections for all age groups from population-based surveillance in two rural provinces in Thailand. METHODS From September 1, 2003 through December 31, 2007, we enrolled hospitalized patients with acute lower respiratory tract illness, who had a chest radiograph ordered by the physician, from all hospitals in SaKaeo and Nakhom Phano...

In December 1992, Enterobacter cloacae was isolated from the oropharynx and respiratory tract of six ventilated neonates hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) of our hospital. To establish the spread of the outbreak, 41 strains of E. cloacae were analyzed for genotypic markers by three methods: plasmid profile analysis, ribotyping with EcoRI or PvuII endonuclease, and arbitrarily primed...

BACKGROUND Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are leading pediatric pathogens. However, risk factors for severe hMPV disease remain unknown. We comparatively assessed environmental, host, and viral determinants for severe hMPV and RSV infections. METHODS We studied a prospective cohort of >1000 children aged <3 years hospitalized in or presenting to a pediatric...

conclusions findings reveal a significant degree of prescription errors, emphasizing the need for stringent surveillance. results a total of 227 case notes were reviewed, 129 (56.8%) of which belonged to male patients. no medication was prescribed for 13 patients, whereas 697 drug prescriptions (excluding intravenous fluids) were given for 214 patients, equaling 3.25 drugs/patient; antibiotics ...