A simple change of ligand and solvent allows controlled, effective switching between cyclization-carbonylation and cyclization-carbonylation-cyclization-coupling (CCC-coupling) reactions of 2-alkynylanilines catalyzed by palladium(II). The use of a [Pd(tfa)2(box)] catalyst in iPrOH afforded symmetrical ketones bearing two indoles in good yields; replacing the catalyst and solvent with Pd(tfa)2 ...

The conversion of diverse non-petroleum carbon elements, such as coal, biomass, natural/shale gas, and even CO2, into cleaner hydrocarbon fuels useful chemicals relies heavily on syngas, which is a combination CO H2. Syngas conversions, have been around for almost century, will probably become more important in the production energy due to rising need liquid chemical components derived from sou...

Abstract Carbonylation, one of the most powerful approaches to preparation carbonylated compounds, has received significant attention from researchers active in various fields. Indeed, impressive progress been made on this subject over past few decades. Among types carbonylation reactions, asymmetric is a straightforward methodology for constructing chiral compounds. Although rhodium-catalyzed ...

Direct catalytic insertion of carbon monoxide in chemicals poses the challenge controlling both ?-bond activation and subsequent carbonylation.

Due to the high price of virgin vegetable oils and the drawbacks of the homogeneous catalytic transesterification, in this work an economically profitable alternative process was proposed for biodiesel synthesis in which transesterification of the low-cost waste cooking oil (WCO) with methanol in a heterogeneous system was done. Alumina impregnated with sodium hydroxide was utilized as a solid ...

The first transition-metal catalysed carbonylation with a phosphorus nucleophile is presented. This transformation provides efficient and mild access to aroylphosphonates under mild conditions, thus ensuring a broad substrate scope. The utility of aroylphosphonates as useful reagents, capable of participating in a number of transformations, is subsequently demonstrated. Furthermore, access to [...

Both the continuous and batch transesterification of linseed oil were examined in order to maximize the fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) yield. The continuous process was conducted in a packed bed reactor using calcium oxide as a heterogeneous catalyst. In addition, the impact of two variables, namely the molar ratio of methanol to oil and the flow rate (ml/min), on the FAME yield were stu...