frequency of vocabulary used in a piece of writing, prose or poetry, is one of the stylistic features of the writer. words are like bricks which constitute the structure of a literary work, and the way the writer puts or organizes the words , reflects his/her literary characteristics which in turn distinguishes him/her from other writers. being simply one of the elements constituting the writer...

In the literature, several different definitions of trust and models have been presented to aid researchers as they apply the concepts of trust within their systems. The multiplicity of trust definitions creates a high level of ambiguity. This paper takes a step away from models of trust and attempts to define and categorize several attributes, methods of discovery, and methods of evaluation th...

Robust vocabulary instruction is an important part of comprehensive English language arts (ELA) instruction. Vocabulary supports students in learning the meaning words to build a receptive that they can rely on comprehend read and hear. Many with significant cognitive disabilities (SCD) complex communication needs (CCN) struggle or understand grade-level words, concepts, texts. Explicit play ro...

OBJECTIVES Effective health communication is often hindered by a "vocabulary gap" between language familiar to consumers and jargon used in medical practice and research. To present health information to consumers in a comprehensible fashion, we need to develop a mechanism to quantify health terms as being more likely or less likely to be understood by typical members of the lay public. Prior r...

The study investigates the gains m three types of English as a Foreign Language vocabulary knowledge, passive, 'controlled active' and free active, in one year of school instruction It also examines how these aspects of lexical knowledge are related to one another,and what changes occur in these relauonships after one year Gains in vocabulary were measured by comparing two groups of learners wi...

The research proposed here was for an Arabic speech recognition application, concentrating on the Lebanese dialect. The system starts by sampling the speech, which was the process of transforming the sound from analog to digital and then extracts the features by using the Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC). The extracted features are then compared with the system's stored model; in this...

This paper outlines a strategy for recognizing a preferred vocabulary of words spoken in Tamil language. The basic philosophy is to extract the features using mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) from the spoken words that are used as representative features of the speech to create models that aid in recognition. The models chosen for the task are hidden Markov models (HMM) and autoassoci...

Current speech recognition systems uniformly employ short-time spectral analysis, usually over windows of 1030 ms, as the basis for their acoustic representations. Any detail below this timescale is lost, and even temporal structure above this level is usually only weakly represented in the form of deltas etc. We address this limitation by proposing a novel representation of the temporal envelo...

PURPOSE This study examined the relation between African American preschoolers' use of African American English (AAE) and their language and emergent literacy skills in an effort to better understand the perplexing and persistent difficulties many African American children experience learning to read proficiently. METHOD African American preschoolers' (n = 63) vocabulary skills were assessed ...

Ishikawa Prefecture is located in the Hokuriku region in Japan. One of the main targets of the tourism industry in Ishikawa is to increase the number of tourists from foreign countries. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to provide foreign tourists with a “language service.” In this study, in order to understand the state of language service provided to foreign tourists, we investi...