In this paper a new phase-frequency detector is proposed using transmission gates which can detect phase difference less than 500ps. In other word, the proposed Phase-frequency Detector (PFD) can work in frequencies higher than 1.7 GHz, whereas a conventional PFD operates at frequencies less than 1.1 GHz. This new architecture is designed in TSMC 0.13um CMOS Technology. Also, the proposed PFD a...

We are studied efficacy of high frequency magnetic fields (HFMFs) in treatment of Osgood-Schlatter disease (OSD) including X-rays signs. THELF system apparatus has been used for treatments on 32 young sportsmen (9-15 years). 18 boys and 14 girls, with HFMFs (base frequency 27.125 MHz, with different impulse repetition frequency of 640 Hz and 320 Hz, and absorbed power 3-5 VA). Injured sportsmen...

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems operating in the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band, are exposed to fading. While state-of-the-art RFID systems employ multiple antennas, with random selection of a single receive path to obviate the performance losses, this paper proposes to employ antenna diversity by the combination of all paths applying maximal ratio combining. An experimental perf...

Gratings that differ in orientation by as much as 62.5 deg from that of a signal grating raise the signal's threshold by nearly a log unit. The spatial-frequency tuning of the masking effect reaches a maximum slightly below the spatial frequency of the maskers but far from that of any quadratic distortion product. Further, the location of the peak does not depend much on the relative orientatio...

It has recently been suggested that the familiarity ofa stimuluscanaffect early sensory processesinvolved in their detection. Thishypothesis was tested in a detection task using fragmented forms varying in familiarity and their structural properties but equivalent in their spatial frequency content. No effect of familiarity or structurewas found on the detectability of the stimuli. Possible rea...