PURPOSE The latency of adaptation of the human vergence system to a change in convergence or divergence forced upon it by a prism was investigated in this pilot study. METHODS Adaptation was stimulated by a 5-s period of binocular vision through a prism of 0 delta, -8 delta, or 8 delta. Immediately thereafter and for a further period of 45 s, lateral heterophoria was monitored subjectively by...

purpose: to compare the effectiveness of pencil pushup training (ppt) versus office-based vision therapy in patients with convergence insufficiency. method: sixty students of zahedan medical university with convergence insufficiency were randomly selected. after determining refractive error (by retinoscopy using cyclopentolate 1%, if needed), near point of convergence (by millimeter ruler), nea...

purpose: to compare the prevalence of ocular symptoms and signs in professional video-display users (vdu) and non-users. methods: this cross-sectional case-control study was performed on bank staff who used computer for their task as the vdu group and staff who did not work with computer as controls. ocular symptoms were evaluated based on a questionnaire and signs were detected according to co...

[21]. It is, however, a rather neglected topic in neuro rehabilitation research. Ocular motility dysfunction (OMD) has been reported in 90% in patients with brain injury [10,12]. The problems are manifold and may involve difficulties with reading, working at computers, using smart phones, driving a car etc. This means that the patient’s activities of daily living, mobility, and participation in...

EXAMINATION of the central visual fields on the Bjerrum screen is easily and accurately carried out when fixation is perfect owing to sparing of the macula. Frequently, however, it is desirable to estimate the central and paracentral fields when the fixation area has been affected. This cannot be done satisfactorily unless the eye which isbeing examined is accurately immobilized. Reed (1960) en...

In dear memory of my mother SUMMARY Asthenopia is a term used to describe different symptoms associated with the use of the eyes, such as pain, blurred vision, diplopia, headaches. Asthenopia is most often reported in association with near vision. Children with asthenopia complain of such symptoms particularly when reading and writing. Asthenopia is often divided into two main categories: refra...

THE purpose of treatment of all patients with strabismus is to reduce the angle of deviation to the smallest possible value and to develop the co-operation between the eyes to the highest possible degree. Normal binocular use of the eyes may be achieved in patients with fully accommodative squints of late onset and relatively short duration, but this is not always the case even in patients who ...

It is obvious that a symposium of this kind on the subject of strabismus is concerned to a large extent with the growing-points of the specialty, and this is entirely appropriate when the meeting is held within the confines of St. John's College, Cambridge, a University centre of learning and academic progress for centuries, and abundantly emphasized by the link of this particular building with...

The paper describes a 3-layered architecture for the control of the stereoscopic eye-saccade system of a stereo-camera head 1 mounted on an autonomous vehicle. The 0-level is a proportional feedback controller providing a microsaccadic 2 control for eye movements enabling the head to foveate and track targets but requiring iteration through the vision system with the attendant computational ove...