The growth in the number of Chinese students Western universities has prompted academics to explore different pedagogical practices suitable for diverse classrooms. Some persisting contradictions between and Eastern conceptions education exist institutional structures that encounter daily. Designing appropriate curricular learning activities is crucial embedding international students’ experien...

AIM The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the cleaning capacity of different auxiliary chemical substances energized with ultrasound in radicular dentin using morphologic analysis. METHODS AND MATERIALS Twenty-eight single-canal, mandibular incisors were prepared with the Hero 642 canal preparation system following the sequence: 25/12, 30/06, 35/02, and 40/02, 1 mm from the apex. The...

Optical microscopy and morphometric analysis were used in this study to evaluate, in vitro, the cleaning of the apical region in root canals with mild or moderate curvatures subjected to biomechanical preparation with a rotary system, as well as to assess the amount of extruded material to the periapical area. Lateral incisors (n = 32), 16 with curvature angles smaller or equal to 10º (GI) and ...

AIM To compare automated and manual instrumentation techniques for removing filling material from root canal walls during root canal retreatment. METHODOLOGY One hundred extracted human single-rooted teeth were root filled and stored. Specimens were divided into two groups: group A, Endofill plus gutta-percha; group B, Sealer 26 plus gutta-percha. The filling material was removed using the fo...

Realistic human rationality departs from ideal theories of rationality and meaning developed in epistemology and economics because in human life deliberation takes time and effort, ignorance and inconsistency do not deter action, and learning takes time and slows with time. This paper examines some theories of mental change with an eye to assessing their adequacy for characterizing realistic li...