AIMS AND BACKGROUND The study was performed to assess the status of immunohistochemical markers in primary and metastatic breast cancer and to determine the organ-specific characteristics of metastatic breast cancer. METHODS Samples from 13 cases of paired primary and metastatic breast cancer and 34 cases of metastatic breast cancer were included. RESULTS In the analysis of 13 cases of pair...

Background: Triple Negative Breast Carcinomas (TNBC) are breast carcinomas which negative for Estrogen receptor (ER) Progesterone (PR) and no overexpression of Human Epidermal Growth Factor receptor-2 (HER-2). The five-year survival rate in general is good but the same bad TNBC. TNBC has got worse prognosis compared to hormone positive carcinomas. Aim: aim present study compare invasive lobular...

Background A significant development in the breast carcinoma management is the correlation between the presence of hormone receptors in the tumor and response to hormonal therapy and chemotherapy. Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2/neu (Her-2/neu) overexpression also serves as a very useful parameter to predict response to herceptin. Aim of Study The study was conducted to correlate imm...

Recent work has suggested that overexpression of the HER-2/neu protooncogene may play a role in the aggressive clinical behavior of some breast tumors. Since hormones are also known to change the proliferation rate and invasiveness of these cells, we have studied the effect of sex steroid hormones and antihormones on levels of the HER-2/neu mRNA and protein in human breast cancer cell lines usi...

The transcription factor, forkhead box protein M1 (FoxM1), and the tyrosine kinase receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (Her-2), are aberrantly expressed in a number of human malignancies, and are closely associated with the development of cancer. However, their regulatory mechanisms and their involvement in tumor development have not been extensively investigated, particularly in...

The HER-2/neu oncogene, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor or erb gene family, encodes a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor that has been linked to prognosis and response to therapy with the anti-HER-2-humanized monoclonal antibody, trastuzumab (Herceptin, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA) in patients with advanced metastatic breast cancer. HER-2/neu status has also been tes...

BACKGROUND Testing for human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) in breast cancer is performed by either immunohistochemistry (IHC) or in situ hybridization (ISH). The growth factor receptor-bound protein-7 (GRB7) gene is in close proximity to HER-2 on chromosome 17q11-12 and codes a signal transduction molecule shown to be an independent adverse marker in breast cancer. METHODS HER-2 ...