In this article, we demonstrate that Tully's fewest-switches surface hopping (FSSH) algorithm approximately obeys the mixed quantum-classical Liouville equation (QCLE), provided that several conditions are satisfied--some major conditions, and some minor. The major conditions are: (1) nuclei must be moving quickly with large momenta; (2) there cannot be explicit recoherences or interference eff...

Surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopy exploits the locally enhanced field surrounding plasmonic metamaterials to increase the sensitivity of infrared spectroscopy. The light polarization and incidence angle are important factors for exciting plasmonic nanostructures; however, such angle dependence is often ignored in SEIRA experiments, typically carried out with Cassegrain o...

Two experiments investigated observers' perception of 3-D structure when optical sources of information were contradictory. When motion and stereoscopic disparities specified different surfaces, the perceptual outcome dependent strongly on the direction of curvature present within each modality. Previous research has shown that the perception of surface slant and curvature is anisotropic for bo...

Control of the wetting property of diamond surface has been a challenge because of its maximal hardness and good chemical inertness. In this work, the micro/nanoarray structures etched into diamond film surfaces by a maskless plasma method are shown to fix a surface's wettability characteristics, and this means that the change in morphology is able to modulate the wettability of a diamond film ...

BACKGROUND Multi-channel recording of surface electromyographyic (EMG) signals is very likely to be contaminated by electrocardiographic (ECG) interference, specifically when the surface electrode is placed on muscles close to the heart. METHODS A novel fast independent component analysis (FastICA) based peel-off method is presented to remove ECG interference contaminating multi-channel surfa...

Photoemission spectroscopy of Bi(111) reveals a small hexagonal two-dimensional Fermi surface (FS) associated with an electron band centered in the surface Brillouin zone. Along the hexagon the Fermi momentum k(F) ranges from 0.053 to 0.061 A(-1). Temperature dependent valence band spectra show an anisotropic energy gap Delta near the Fermi level. We find a transition temperature of about 75 K....

We report the successful implementation of a surface-wave enabled dark-field aperture (SWEDA) directly on a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor sensor pixel (2.2mum). This SWEDA pixel allows predetection cancellation of a uniform coherent background. We show that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the SWEDA pixel is better than that of a single undressed pixel over a significant range of si...

The detection and identification of biologically important molecules has critical importance in several fields such as medicine, biotechnology, and pharmacology. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a powerful emerging vibrational spectroscopic technique that allows not only for the characterization, but also for the identification and detection of biomacromolecules in a very short time....