C lusters are like skyscrapers—mammoth structures towering above their smaller counterparts—except that skyscrapers have longer lives. The race to build ever bigger clusters is on, largely driven by emerging scientific and engineering applications. Several research efforts are underway at various universities and US research laboratories. In this article, I examine some of the largest clusters ...

machinery is also identified in spines, within specialized subdomains (88, 102). In addition, polyribosomes and protein translational machinery are often anchored at the base of spines (80). Thus increasing evidence suggests that individual spines represent partially autonomous compartments, having their own regulated membrane-trafficking events that shuttle components into and out of the spine...

In this paper, we introduce the concept of flux caches envisioned to improve processor performance by dynamically changing the cache organization and implementation. Contrary to the traditional approaches, processors designed with flux caches instead of assuming a hardwired cache organization change their cache ”design” on program demand. Consequently program (data and instruction) dynamic beha...