We evaluate the impact of firm-specific export subsidies on exports in Colombia. Using a two-stage Heckman selection procedure, we obtain firm-specific predicted subsidy amounts that can be explained by the characteristics that determine the firms’ eligibility for the government support and its amount. Drawing on the accounts of the discretionary allocation of subsidies in developing countries,...

This paper tests for the existence of a Poverty Nutrition Trap (PNT) in the case of the nutrient most likely to have productivity impacts, i.e., calories, for three categories of wages – sowing, harvesting, and other – and for male and female workers separately. We use household level national data for rural India for the period January to June 1994. We use robust sample selection procedures du...

The previous literature has demonstrated that countries’ regulative contexts positively influence voluntary corporate carbon disclosures. However, little research been conducted into the relationship between different components of dimension institutions and disclosure. Drawing on theoretical framework New Institutional Sociology (NIS), this study examines context (rules; monitoring mechanisms ...

With data from 683 systematically selected households, the study employed Heckman two-stage model and propensity score matching method (PSM) to examine impact of youth participation in agriculture as a primary occupation on income poverty Nigeria. The results indicate that gender their determination stay significantly increases probability will participate occupation. In addition, main contribu...

Data envelopment analysis is a nonparametric technique checking efficiency of DMUs using math programming. In conventional DEA, it has been assumed that the status of each measure is clearly known as either input or output. Kao and Hwang (2008) developed a data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach for measuring efficiency of decision processes which can be divided into two stages. The first stag...