the present study is concerned with optimal shape determination of inhomogeneous and temperature dependent domains under steady state heat conduction. such situations are important in many thermal design problems, especially in shape design of electronic components and chips. in the present paper, we formulate the shape optimization problem based on volume minimization of heat conductive materi...

Aim Andean montane forests are biodiversity hotspots and large carbon stores they provide numerous ecosystem services. Following land abandonment after centuries of forest clearing for agriculture in the Andes, there is an opportunity recovery. Field-based studies show that do not always recover. However, large-scale long-term knowledge recovery dynamics remains scarce. This paper analyses trop...

Objectives: Illicit drug abuse and drug-related crimes are still a growing problem worldwide. Understanding the increasing number of individuals arrested for drug charges, as well as their characteristics is necessary to predict and establish preventive and treatment programs. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Shahroud, Northeast of Iran from 2015 to 2018. Data were collecte...

This paper deals with the hydrodynamic and thermal analysis of a new type of porous heat exchanger (PHE). This system operates based on energy conversion between gas enthalpy and thermal radiation. The proposed PHE has one high temperature (HT) and two heat recovery (HR1 and HR2) sections. In HT section, the enthalpy of flowing high temperature gas flow that is converted to thermal radiation em...