Assessing mitigation of phosphorus (P) leaching from subsurface drainage systems is challenging due to high spatial and temporal variation in leaching. Mean measured total P leaching from a clayey soil in an eight-year study period (four replicates per treatment) was (kg ha-1 year-1): 1.21 from shallow autumn tillage (ShT), 0.84 from unfertilised fallow (UF), 0.81 from conventional autumn ploug...

The Grundy number of an impartial game G is the size of the unique Nim heap equal to G. We introduce a new variant of Nim, Restricted Nim, which restricts the number of stones a player may remove from a heap in terms of the size of the heap. Certain classes of Restricted Nim are found to produce sequences of Grundy numbers with a self-similar fractal structure. Extending work of C. Kimberling, ...

Buffer overflows belong to the most common class of attacks on today’s Internet. Although stack-based variants are still by far more frequent and well-understood, heap-based overflows have recently gained more attention. Several real-world exploits have been published that corrupt heap management information and allow arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the victim process. This pape...

Improving the structure and analysis in [1], we give a variation of the pairing heaps that has amortized zero cost per meld (compared to an O(log log n) in [1]) and the same amortized bounds for all other operations. More precisely, the new pairing heap requires: no cost per meld, O(1) per find-min and insert, O(log n) per delete-min, and O(log log n) per decrease-key. These bounds are the best...

In order to solve the problem of vegetation restoration in traditional heap leaching rare earths, a novel technology is proposed. technology, liquid laterally injected into earth pile from side end so that can be carried out quickly on top pile. this study, laboratory test was performed investigate permeability ion-adsorbed under lateral injection conditions. Four samples with varied combinatio...

Concurrent separation logics have helped to significantly simplify correctness proofs for concurrent data structures. However, a recurring problem in such proofs is that data structure abstractions that work well in the sequential setting are much harder to reason about in a concurrent setting due to complex sharing and overlays. To solve this problem, we propose a novel approach to abstracting...

Separation logic (SL) is an extension of Hoare logic by operations and formulas that not only talk about program variables, but also about heap portions. Its general purpose is to enable more flexible reasoning about linked object/record structures. In the present paper we give an algebraic extension of SL at the data structure level. We define operations that additionally to heap separation ma...

Generational garbage collection (GGC) is one of the most popular garbage collection techniques. GGC gains a performance advantage by performing minor collections on the younger objects in the heap, reducing the number of major collections of the whole heap. A promotion policy determines when an object moves from the younger generation to the older. The design of GGC has been justified by the pl...