OBJECTIVE To describe and compare the perceptions of the general population about the harmful effects of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) on users and on those passively exposed to e-cigarettes and the perceptions about e-cigarette usefulness for reducing or eliminating tobacco smoking. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS We analysed cross-sectional data from a longitudinal study of a repre...

Knowledge about the harmful effects of smoking on the lungs is high among the general population. This damage can occur to both active and passive smokers. Although scientific understanding in this area is incomplete we do have some knowledge about how individual toxic substances in cigarette smoke act on the lung tissues. There is great variation in smokers' susceptibility to the harmful effec...

Since the antiquity and throughout the Middle Ages, physicians had been observing the harmful effects and the illnesses in people who worked in manufacture and/or mining. They would draw attention to such effects and propose solutions which often entailed improvement of working conditions and environment. The ancient physicians from Varazdin had been familiar with such literature, accepted the ...

a 'worst case' laboratory method was employed for evaluating total effect of four pesticides (imidacloprid, dichlorvos, pymetrozine and abamectin) on the nymphs mortality and adults reproduction in orius albidipennis reuter (hemiptera: anthocoridae). the bioassays were carried out in laboratory using drum cell method, under controlled conditions of: 27±1?c, rh of 65±5% and 16-h photo ...

This study assessed the possible combined effects of harmful algae and parasite infection on hemocyte and hemolymph parameters of a bivalve mollusc. Manila clams Ruditapes philippinarum, were exposed for 1 week, under controlled laboratory conditions, to bloom concentrations of two cultured dinoflagellates: Karenia selliformis, and Karenia mikimotoi, with demonstrated, sub-lethal, pathological ...

There is growing evidence that climate change will increase the prevalence of toxic algae and harmful bacteria, which can accumulate in marine bivalves. However, we know little about any possible interactions between exposure to these microorganisms and the effects of climate change on bivalve health, or about how this may affect the bivalve toxin-pathogen load. In mesocosm experiments, mussels...

Introduction: Video games are common cultural issues with great influence in all societies. One of the important cognitive effects of video games is on creating stress on video players. The present research objective was to study different types of stress in players based on video game styles.  Methods: A total of 80 players, aged 18 to 30 years, played four types of video games;  Ru...

OBJECTIVE Researchers and clinicians alike are interested in the effects of sexual harassment on mental health, including associations with problem drinking. The aim of the current investigation was to examine depression symptoms as a mediator of the association between sexual harassment during military service and current harmful alcohol use in a sample of former military personnel, stratified...

The aims of the research were to (a) compare the alcohol attentional bias (AAB) of social, hazardous, and harmful drinkers and (b) assess the effects of alcohol attention-control training on the AAB and alcohol consumption of hazardous and harmful drinkers. Participants were social drinkers (N=40), hazardous drinkers (N=89), and harmful drinkers (N=92). Paper-and-pencil measures were used to co...

The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of an awareness program about the harmfu l effects of tobacco and alcohol on knowledge and self reported practice of adolescent students, so as to initiate a preventive action endeavor against the menace of tobacco and alcohol addiction. A quantitative evaluative approach with pre experimental method (one group pre-test post-test design) was ...