UNLABELLED We investigated changes in visual cortex excitability by analyzing visual evoked potential (VEP) habituation in healthy subjects during tonic pain evoked by the cold-pressor test (CPT). We tested VEP amplitude habituation (slope of the linear regression line for N1-P1 amplitude from the 1st to 6th block of 100 sweeps) in 19 healthy volunteers during 4 experimental conditions: baselin...

Studies of the habituation and sensorimotor gating of startle responses to strong exteroceptive stimuli provide some unique opportunities for cross-species explorations into information processing and attentional deficits in schizophrenia. The behavioral plasticity of startle paradigms greatly facilitates the development of animal models of specifiable behavioral abnormalities in schizophrenic ...

Habituation, a form of non-associative learning, is observed throughout the animal kingdom. However, in contrast to associative learning, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms. Using the appetitive proboscis extension reflex in honeybees, we show that the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) in the antennal lobe (AL) is implicated in the graded decline of behavioral respons...

After habituation of looking at an object that repeatedly approached and receded through 50 cm along the medial axis, infants of about 18 weeks of age were presented with both the same moving object and one of a different size falling within the same range of visual angles as those projected during habituation. The starting point for movement varied widely from trial to trial to "desensitize" s...

Strong stimuli applied to the tailfan of the crayfish Procambarus clarkii evoked lateral giant interneurone (LG)-mediated tailflips. When the sensory stimulus was applied repeatedly, the response of the LG habituated until it failed to give rise to a spike. We found that this LG-flip habituation was dependent on social status. With a short interstimulus interval of 5 s, the rate of habituation ...

The rate of habituation to food is inversely related to energy intake, and overweight children may habituate slower to food and consume more energy. This study compared patterns of sensitization, as defined by an initial increase in operant or motivated responding for food, and habituation, defined by gradual reduction in responding, for macaroni and cheese and pizza in overweight and non-overw...

The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether access to a running wheel increases voluntary physical activity in adult female and male domestic cats. Eight neutered domestic shorthair male cats (mean age 8·6 (SD 0·05) years) and eleven intact domestic shorthair female cats (mean age 3·3 (SD 0·14) years) were group housed for 22 h daily and individually housed during the feeding per...

BACKGROUND Habituation, a form of non-associative learning, has several well-defined characteristics that apply to a wide range of physiological and behavioral responses in many organisms. In classic patch time allocation models, habituation is considered to be a major mechanistic component of parasitoid behavioral strategies. However, parasitoid behavioral responses to host cues have not previ...