A basic tenet in elementary microeconomics is tax incidence equivalence. This tenet holds that the burden of a unit tax on buyers and sellers is independent of who actually pays the tax. Recently, the empirical validity of tax incidence equivalence has been brought into question. In this paper, using competitive laboratory markets, I test both tax incidence equivalence and an analogous theorem ...

This paper assesses the economic impacts of the Swiss climate policy formulated under the Kyoto Protocol; the impacts on the carbon price, the welfare cost, and trade effects are examined. Our analysis is based on a multi-sectoral and multi-regional, computable general equilibrium (CGE) model of the world economy (GEMINI-E3) which includes a representation of the Swiss economy. The model is use...

We analyze the welfare e¤ect of governmental regulation for individuals who consider anticipated regret in their decision making process. While governmental policies by directing choice distort individual decisions in the private market they can alleviate individuals’pain associated with the feeling of regret. We specify a general model to highlight this trade-o¤ and investigate two policies mo...

A hierarchical framework is proposed to address the issues of modeling different type of words in keyword spotting (KWS). Keyword models are built at various levels according to the availability of training set resources for each individual word. The proposed approach improves the performance of KWS even when no training speech is available for the keywords. It also suggests an easier way to co...

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This paper presents a gate sizing method which formulates minimum active area solutions under delay constraints. It is based on the logical effort delay model. Such minimization of transistor widths has direct impact on the power consumption and circuit area reduction. The explicit formulation of the method takes into account the maximum input capacitance, the output load to be driven, and the ...

Profit is the main orientation for every business entity because profit one of company's performance indicators in order to maintain its sustainability, therefore various strategies are designed and implemented so that company continues exist able compete along with increasingly competitive massive developments. Transfer pricing a strategy oftenimplemented by companies manage resources while ac...

The stylized facts suggest a negative relationship between tax progressivity and the skill premium from the early 1960s until the early 1990s, and a positive one thereafter. They also generally imply rising tax progressivity, except for the 1980s. In this paper, we ask whether optimal tax policy is consistent with these observations, taking into account the demographic and technological factors...