AIM To improve the drug concentration in liver metastases, docetaxel was encapsulated in polyethyleneglycol-liposomes and administered regionally with degradable starch microspheres (DSM). MATERIALS AND METHODS A rodent model of solitary metastasis (CC-531 adenocarcinoma) was studied. The animals were randomized into six groups and treated with 15 ng/kg docetaxel: I: intravenous (i.v.). II: P...

Herbal drugs as immune-modulators in case of COVID-19 - IJCAAP- Print ISSN No: 2581-5555 Online No:- 2456-9542 Article DOI 10.18231/j.ijcaap.2021.017, IP International Journal Comprehensive and Advanced Pharmacology-IP Int J Compr Adv Pharmacol

Trematode sporocysts and rediae reproduce by parthenogenesis, forming clonal groups in the molluscan host. It has recently become popular to consider these groups as eusocial colonies, with division of labour between rediae morphs: small ‘soldiers’ incapable of reproduction defend the colony, while large rediae reproduce. Alternatively, clonal groups can be considered as self-sustaining infrapo...

Killer yeasts are able to produce toxins that antagonize the growth of susceptible yeasts cells of the same species or the ones that are related to them. Killer strains are resistant to their own toxins but can be sensitive to killer proteins of other yeasts. The killer proteins of Pichia spp. are known for its broad spectrum of antifungal activity including pathogens such as Candida albicans. ...

The following four species Physcomitrium pyriforme (Funariaceae), Bryum alpinum, Pohlia elongata (Bryaceae) and Fabronia pusilla (Fabroniaceae), are reported for the first time from Iran. The specimens were collected from Makhmal-kuh mountain (situated in north of Khorram-abad, Lorestan province). The voucher specimens are preserved in the Az-Zahra University herbarium, Tehran, Iran.   

Halophilic bacteria use a variety of osmoregulatory methods, such as the accumulation of one or more compatible solutes. The wide diversity of compounds that can act as compatible solute complicates the task of understanding the different strategies that halophilic bacteria use to cope with salt. This is specially challenging when attempting to go beyond the pathway that produces a certain comp...