We previously reported that rats prone to obesity exhibit an exaggerated increase in glucose oxidation and an exaggerated decline in lipid oxidation under a low-fat high-carbohydrate (LF/HC) diet. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanisms involved in these metabolic dysregulations. After a 1-week adaptation to laboratory conditions, 48 male Wistar rats were fed a LF/HC diet...

Objective: To conduct an in-depth exploration of the experiences of and perspectives on postpartum Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT) screening of South Asian women diagnosed with GDM in Melbourne, Australia. Design: Using an exploratory qualitative methodology, this study was carried out in two phases: the first phase involved face-to-face in-depth interviews with 17 recent immigrant women from Sout...

Ethylene oxide (EO) is a genotoxicant and a mouse lung carcinogen, but whether EO is carcinogenic through a mutagenic mode of action remains unclear. To investigate this question, 8-week-old male Big Blue B6C3F₁ mice (10 mice/group) were exposed to EO by inhalation-6 h/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks (0, 10, 50, 100, or 200 ppm EO) and 8 or 12 weeks (0, 100, or 200 ppm EO). Lung DNA samples were a...

Poor glucose tolerance may be an under-researched contributory factor in the high (10% to 20%) pre-weaning mortality rate observed in pigs. Insulin resistance commences at around week 12 of gestation in the sow, although there are conflicting reports in the literature about the extent to which insulin resistance is modulated by maternal diet. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of...

Rats offered chow, lard, and 30% sucrose solution (choice) rapidly become obese. We tested metabolic disturbances in rats offered choice, chow+lard, or chow+30% sucrose solution [chow+liquid sucrose (LS)] and compared them with rats fed a composite 60% kcal fat, 7% sucrose diet [high-fat diet (HFD)], or a 10% kcal fat, 35% sucrose diet [low-fat diet (LFD)]. Choice rats had the highest energy in...

OBJECTIVE Changes in body fat distribution and abnormal glucose metabolism are common in HIV-infected patients. We hypothesized that HIV-infected participants would have a higher prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) compared with control subjects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 491 HIV-infected and 187 control participants from the second examination of the Study of Fat Redi...

AIMS To determine the changes in serum zinc concentration and the extent of urinary zinc excretion in patients with iron overload receiving the oral iron chelator 1,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxypyrid-4-one (L1) or desferrioxamine (DFX), and to correlate these results with blood glucose concentration. METHODS Serum zinc and ferritin concentrations, urinary zinc and iron excretion were regularly assayed...

In rodents and humans, the gut bacteria-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) has been implicated in progression of cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney fatty liver, insulin resistance; however, effects TMAO on dairy cattle health milk production have not defined. We aimed to determine whether intravenous infusion modifies measures liver health, glucose tolerance, early-lactation c...

To determine the if Vitamin D3 supplementation reduces incidence of gestational diabetes (GDM). : A subgroup analysis efficacy to prevent GDM was completed on a trial performed from 10/2016 - 4/2020. Women with confirmed intrauterine pregnancy 12-16 weeks gestation were included. taking supplements, or malabsorption disorder, carrying anomalous fetus had mellitus excluded. assigned receive dail...