The enzymatic activity of Bacillus subtilis glutamine synthetase (GS), which catalyzes the synthesis of glutamine from ammonium and glutamate, is regulated by glutamine feedback inhibition. The feedback-inhibited form of B. subtilis GS regulates the DNA-binding activities of the TnrA and GlnR nitrogen transcriptional factors. Bacterial GS proteins contain a flexible seven-residue loop, the Glu3...

We have investigated the stoichiometric relationship of proteins involved in beta-adrenergic-receptor-mediated signal transduction in isolated rat cardiac myocytes. These cells contain about 2.1 x 10(5) beta-adrenergic receptors per cell, as determined by radio-ligand-binding assays. We have assessed the amount of Gs alpha present in myocyte membranes by immunoblotting using a purified glutathi...

Solute carrier organic anion (SLCO) gene families encode organic anion transport proteins, which are transporters that up-take a number of substrates including androgens. Among them, high expression of SLCO2B1 is known to associate with the resistance to androgen deprivation therapy in prostate cancer (PCa). We hypothesized that high expression of SLCO genes enhances PCa progression by promotin...

BACKGROUND Epidemiological association of head and neck cancer with smokeless tobacco (ST) emphasizes the need to unravel the molecular mechanisms implicated in cancer development, and identify pharmacologically safe agents for early intervention and prevention of disease recurrence. Guggulsterone (GS), a biosafe nutraceutical, inhibits the PI3K/Akt pathway that plays a critical role in HNSCC d...

Members of the multidrug resistance protein (MRP/ABCC) subfamily of ATP-binding cassette proteins transport a wide array of anionic compounds, including sulfate, glucuronide, and glutathione (GSH) conjugates. The present study tested the ATP-dependent vesicular transport of leukotriene C(4) and 17beta-estradiol 17-(beta-d-glucuronide) (E(2)17betaG) mediated by the MRP1 and MRP2 transporters in ...

In Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), ammonium assimilation is catalysed by glutamine synthetase (GS) [EC 6.3.1.2], which is encoded by two genes, PsGS1a and PsGS1b. PsGS1b is expressed in the vascular tissue throughout the plant body, where it is believed to play a role in recycling ammonium released by various facets of metabolism. The mechanisms that may underpin the transcriptional regulation o...

Nitrogen management in combination with sustainable agronomic techniques can have a great impact on the wheat grain proteome influencing its technological quality. In this study, proteomic analyses were used to document changes in the proportion of prolamins in mature grains of the newly released Italian durum wheat cv Achille. Such an approach was applied to wheat fertilized with urea (UREA) a...

Drought causes a decrease in tobacco yield and quality as well reduction net photosynthetic rate. Salicylic acid (SA) is involved the regulation of many physiological processes has been widely used to improve plant drought tolerance. The hydroponic experiment was carried out on flue-cured variety K326. SA solutions (0.3 mM) were sprayed leaves every day for three days, after which 15% PEG-6000 ...

The aim of this work was to analyse the response of NH4 + assimilation in leaves of tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Tennessee 86), to different B applications (B1, 5 M H3BO3; B2, 10 M H3BO3; B3, 20 M H3BO3). The plants were grown under controlled environmental conditions and received a complete nutrient solution. In this experiment, we analysed the foliar concentrations of B and NH4 , ...