in this study, technical and operational issues of 45 qanats in hamadan, semnan and khorasan razavi provinces were studied and executive strategies to improve water management in qanats were recommended. 15 qanats were selected and studied in each of the provinces. discharge, quantity and quality of qanat water, geometric characteristics including longitudinal slope, length, and flow section ar...

The mining lease area of Surka [District Bhavnagar, Gujarat (India)] is located within 6-12 km horizontal distance of sea shore of Gulf of Cambay. Whenever, there will be onset of lignite extraction, there will be always a threat of sea water intrusion into the mining lease area due to its close proximity to seashore. This article describes the prediction of sea water intrusion into the lease a...

assessing the quality of groundwater is important to ensure the sustainablesafe use of these resources. however, describing the overall water quality condition isdifficult due to the spatial variability of multiple contaminants and the wide range ofindicators (chemical, physical and biological) that could be measured. therefore, in thiscase study, some water quality parameters including na, mg,...

Groundwater contamination by nitrate is a globally growing problem due to the population growth and increase of demand for food supplies.Increasing nitrate concentrations in soil solution and leaching into the ground water table cause water pollution and disturbs the ecological balance. In addition to natural nitrogen cycle, nitrate can be entered to soil and water from the human waste, urban a...

Conventional pump-and-treat technologies are among the most widely used systems for the remediation of contaminated ground water. Within recent years it has become recognized that these systems can require protracted periods of time to make significant reductions in the quantity of contaminants associated with both the liquid and solid phases which constitute the subsurface matrix. Evaluating t...

In this paper, we first describe an automatic table ground truth generation system which can efficiently generate a large amount of accurate table ground truth suitable for the development of table detection algorithms. Then a novel background-analysis-based, coarse-to-fine table identification algorithm and an X-Y cut table decomposition algorithm are described. We discuss an experimental prot...

IGW is a software environment for real-time 2D and 3D groundwater modeling. The software functions as a ‘‘numerical laboratory’’ in which the modeler can freely explore: visually creating an aquifer of desired configurations and then immediately investigating and visualizing the groundwater system. IGW allows the modeler’s thought processes to progress naturally and intuitively with the informa...

Idealized laboratory experiments reported in the literature have been designed to simulate specific physical and chemical conditions. These laboratory conditions have allowed researchers to control the variables which affect the behavior of contaminants in the subsurface and to identify the mechanisms which are likely to occur in the field. An understanding of the various mechanisms of facilita...

evaporation from the soil surface has an important role in the water balance model in nature, so that the major part of rain fall and irrigation water in arid and semi-arid regions is lost via evaporation from the soil surface. in such areas, there are some regions with high water table and because of evaporation from the soil surface, salts accumulation also occur in the soil surface. so evapo...