Long 3' untranslated regions (3'UTRs) are common in eukaryotic mRNAs. In contrast, long 3'UTRs are rare in bacteria, and have not been characterized in detail. We describe a 3'UTR of 310 nucleotides in hilD mRNA, a transcript that encodes a transcriptional activator of Salmonella enterica pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1). Deletion of the hilD 3'UTR increases the hilD mRNA level, suggesting that t...

Eukaryotic cells control their growth and morphogenesis to maintain integrity and viability. Free-living cells are further challenged by their direct interaction with the environment and in many cases maintain a resilient cell wall to stay alive under widely varying conditions. For these organisms, stringent and highly localized control of the cell wall's remodeling and expansion is crucial for...

Green development efficiency is an essential measure of China’s economy turning into a stage high-quality in the new era. This paper establishes spatial Durbin model based on geography economics. It empirically investigates effect technological innovation regional green and moderating fiscal decentralization above mechanism using panel data 29 provinces China from 2010 to 2018. The results show...

Previous studies have shown that detection of a red-green test pattern, such as a spot or grating, may be facilitated two to three times by a suprathreshold luminance pedestal of the same shape. We measured facilitation between the red-green (RG) and luminance (LUM) detection mechanisms using sine and square-wave gratings. Facilitation of RG by luminance pedestals was 3-fold for in phase sine-w...

Given the global imperative to meet ‘net zero’, and growing interest in potential for green jobs growth, there is an urgent need better understand drivers processes underlying structural economic transitions. How should we fact define ‘green’ products, technologies? do local economies transition into greener – this generally incremental process or does it require more radical innovation? Buildi...

nowadays, paying attention to the environmental needs and desires of consumersand trying to satisfy them by designing marketing activities in an environmentallyfriendly way, is the best way to increase their satisfaction and finally, gaincompetitive advantage. prior research has paid much attention to the consumerbehavior and marketing activities of corporate organizations, but none has studied...

We present two experiments that test the range of applicability of a movement planning model (MEGaMove) based on statistical decision theory. Subjects attempted to earn money by rapidly touching a green target region on a computer screen while avoiding nearby red penalty regions. In two experiments we varied the magnitudes of penalties, the degree of overlap of target and penalty regions, and t...

Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) play an important role in rural economic growth and farmers’ revenue increase. A key issue in NTFP development is the competitiveness of different products or the same product in different regions. Using production data for main NTFPs, such as citrus, bamboo shoots, waxberry and green-tea in Zhejiang, this paper estimates the Efficiency Advantage Index (EAI), ...

This paper proposes a generalized method for playfield segmentation of various sport videos. It first estimates the probability density function (pdf) of color components of an image frame. Two hill-climbing schemes, which employ two-dimensional pdf and one-dimensional pdf, respectively, are proposed for clustering. Next, a novel algorithm that utilizes the domain knowledge of sport playfields ...