Oxidative stress, caused by free radicals in the body, can have a damaging effect on the brain.12 The brain is particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage because of its high use of oxygen relative to its size and few antioxidant defense systems, among other factors.12 Oxidative damage can affect enzymatic activities in many proteins including glutamine synthetase, which converts glutamate to g...

Cluster, the noun, has several connotations. For one, a cluster is a collection of things of the same kind, originally of grapes, but also of fruits or flowers, growing closely together. The relevant connotation here is, however, "A number of persons, animals, or things gathered or situated close together; an assemblage, group, swarm, crowd" (Oxford English Dictionary on the web). Of course, Po...

 A study by Freedman et al. in 2001 (Circulation) investigated 20 healthy adults who drank Welch’s Purple Grape Juice (7 mL/kg/d) for 14 days. Compared to baseline, after two weeks of juice consumption, platelet aggregation (clotting) was inhibited and superoxide (a free radical) release was decreased. In addition, drinking grape juice stimulated the production of nitric oxide by platelets – w...

We report the case of an 18-year-old female student suffering from seasonal rhinoconjunctivitis with sensitization to pollens from vine and also from grass, olive, and Chenopodiaceae plants who had recently developed episodes of itching, maculopapular rash, and facial angioedema after eating grapes. Testing revealed positive reactions to vine pollen and grapes, and specific IgE were found for b...

For production of high quality grape berries, the whole cluster should ripen at one time. The lack of uniform ripening within a cluster is termed "uneven ripening," and is characterized by the presence of green berries in an otherwise mature ripe cluster. Uneven ripening of 'Concord' is a major problem in the South, often prohibiting production. Northwest Arkansas is the southern boundary for c...

The phenomenon of adaptive preferences – sometimes also known under the name of sour grapes – has long caused a stir in Social Theory. Among logicians, notably those in the dynamic logic or belief revision traditions, the question of preference change has recently seen a surge of interest. However, although the former question seems an instance of the latter, the theories of preference change p...

every year large amounts of grapes are stores in normal and cold rooms to offer off-season of grapes to the market which based on several reasons their quality and weight greatly decreases. therefore, in order to decrease the post harvest losses of grapes and selection of suitable cultivars for long time storage, this study was conducted in two experiments, one in a factorial experiment based o...

Botrytized wines are dessert made from overripe grapes infected by Botrytis cinerea known as “botrytized grapes” or “noble rot”. They favored human for their health promoting antioxidants and pleasant flavor. However, production is low natural botrytized rare in most vineyards worldwide. That is, not all B. become grapes. The formation of determined the interactions between microbiota, includin...