Probes derived from the tufA gene of Escherichia coli have been utilized to detect homologous sequences on Spirulina platensis DNA. A 6-kilobase-pair fragment of S. platensis DNA appears to contain two sequences homologous to the E. coli gene. Thus, as reported for gram-negative bacteria, the cyanobacterium presumably contains two tuf genes.

Gram-negative bacteria tend to be more resistant to lipophilic and amphiphilic inhibitors than gram-positive bacteria. Such inhibitors include dyes, detergents, free fatty acids, antibiotics, and other chemotherapeutic agents. This property is used in the selective enrichment of gram-negative bacteria, especially of members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, for example with MacConkey agar (cont...

The ability of a rapid, semiautomated bacterial identification system, the Quantum Il microbiology system (Abbott Laboratories, Irving, Tex.), to accurately identify gram-negative bacteria from veterinary sources was evaluated. A total of 378 isolates were tested, including 298 organisms in the family Enterobacteriaceae and strains representing Acinetobacter sp., Aeromonas sp., Flavobacterium s...

The emergence and spread of resistance in Enterobacteriaceae are complicating the treatment of serious nosocomial infections and threatening to create species resistant to all currently available agents. Approximately 20% of Klebsiella pneumoniae infections and 31% of Enterobacter spp infections in intensive care units in the United States now involve strains not susceptible to third-generation...

This chapter presents a brief outline of our current knowledge of the structures of the bounding membranes (the inner and the outer membranes and the intermediate periplasmic layer) of a Gram-negative bacterial cell. Also the structure and chemical composition of the outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) originating from the surface of these bacteria including their proteomic profile, as obtained main...

P rotein export systems are present in all living organisms, including gram-negative bacteria and the eukaryotic organelles that derived from them (Table 1). In contrast to other organisms, however, gram-negative bacteria contain numerous, apparently independent systems for exporting proteins, including at least eight types that mediate export across or insertion into the inner cytoplasmic memb...

the presence of antibacterial activity in bovine β-lactoglobulin and in α-lactalbumin hydrolysates was investigated. the plasmin-digest of β-lactoglobulin (pdβ) and of α-lactalbumin (pdα) were fractionated, using reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. the antibacterial activity of β-lactoglobulin, α-lactalbumin, nisin, plasmin, pdβ and pdα were in vitro tested against pathogenic...

Several species of anaerobic bacteria display variable Gram stain reactions which often make identification difficult. A simple, rapid method utilizing a 3% solution of potassium hydroxide to distinguish between gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial was tested on 213 strains of anaerobic bacteria representing 19 genera. The Gram stain reaction and KOH test results were compared with the ant...